Adper single bond 2 adhesive

The remaining 15 samples each from Group A (I and II), Group B (I and II), and Group C (I and II) and 10 samples from control were etched using 37% phosphoric acid (Scotchbond™ Multi-Purpose Etchant, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) for 30 s, washed with water, and dried with filter paper. After etching of the dentin surfaces, bonding agent (Adper™ Single Bond 2 Adhesive, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN 55144, USA) was applied and cured as per the manufacturer's instructions. The customized split metal casing was stabilized using a micropore tape and assembled around the samples to form a circular hole of dimensions 2 mm diameter and 3 mm height followed by placement of the resin composite (Z100™ Restorative, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) in increments of 1 mm in the hole and photopolymerization was performed for 40 s.

3M™ ESPE™ Adper™ Single bond 2 Adhesive was applied using a microtip applicator brush for 15 s with gentle agitation, gently air-thinned for 5 s, and light-cured for 15 s using a light-emitting diode curing unit (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar – Vivadent Inc., Schaan, Liechtenstein).