Laboratory strains of bacteria that commonly cause PJI were studied, including methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 29213), methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (ATCC 35984), Propionibacterium acnes (ATCC 11827), and Gram-negative ciprofloxacin-susceptible Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922). Bacterial strains were stored at −80 °C and cultured overnight on sheep blood agar plates before each experiment. Anaerobic culture conditions (Anaerogen system; Oxoid) and prolonged incubation (72 h) were used for all experiments with P. acnes in order to get visible colonies. The following antibiotics were used: vancomycin (Teva Pharma AG), daptomycin (Novartis Pharma AG), rifampin (Sandoz AG), flucloxacillin (Actavis SA), and ciprofloxacin (Bayer AG). For comparative reasons, the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) was initially determined for each combination of antibiotics and bacteria according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines (CLSI 2012 ).
Rifampin
Manufactured by Sandoz
Sourced in Germany
Rifampin is a laboratory reagent used in research and testing applications. It is a member of the rifamycin class of antibiotics. Rifampin functions as an inhibitor of bacterial RNA synthesis.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Ciprofloxacin, by Bayer (1 mentions)
Daptomycin, by Novartis (1 mentions)
Uv vis spectrophotometer, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
N hexane, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ethyl acetate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Clofazimine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Rifapentine, by Biosynth (1 mentions)
Bedaquiline, by Johnson & Johnson (1 mentions)
3 protocols using rifampin
1
In Vitro Antibiotic Sensitivity of PJI Bacteria
2
Curcuma heyneana Rhizome Extraction and Analysis
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Fresh rhizome of C. heyneana was collected from Karo district, North Sumatera, Indonesia. Botanical identification and authentication were done in Indonesian Institute of Sciences in Bogor, Indonesia. The result is Curcuma heyneana Val & Zijp (Number: 1367/IPH.1.02/ If.8/IX/2014). Materials were bought from various companies: Rifampin (Sandoz, Upper Bavaria, Germany), isoniazid (Sandoz, Upper Bavaria, Germany), sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (Sigma-Aldrich, Misouri, USA), catechin (Sigma-Aldrich, Misouri, USA), 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) (Sigma-Aldrich, Misouri, USA), ethanol (Merck, New Jersey, USA), ethyl acetate (Merck, New Jersey, USA), n-hexane (Merck, New Jersey, USA), reagent kit for ALT (DiaSys ® , Connecticut, USA), ascorbic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Misouri, USA), reagent kit for aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (DiaSys ® , Connecticut, USA), neutral buffered formalin 10%, eosin and hematoxylin stain. All biochemical measurements were carried out using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer (Thermo scientific, Massachusetts, USA).
3
Mycobacterial Drug Preparation Protocols
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Bedaquiline was provided by Janssen (Beerse, Belgium). The other compounds were purchased from the following manufacturers: rifampin from Sandoz (Holzkirchen, Germany), isoniazid from Galien (Nevers, France), pyrazinamide from Sanofi (Paris, France), moxifloxacin from Eurogenerics (Manila, the Phillipines), clofazimine from Sigma (St Louis, MO, USA) and rifapentine from Carbosynth (Compton, UK). Drugs were diluted in water containing 0.05% agar, except for Bedaquiline, which was diluted in aqueous 20% 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin.
Drug suspensions were prepared weekly, except for rifampin (once every 2 weeks) and Bedaquiline (once for the whole experiment), and were stored at 4°C.
Drug suspensions were prepared weekly, except for rifampin (once every 2 weeks) and Bedaquiline (once for the whole experiment), and were stored at 4°C.
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