PA was objectively measured using the ActiGraph GT3X-BT (ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL, USA). The accelerometer was placed on the right hip with an elastic belt. Participants were asked to wear the accelerometer for seven consecutive days. However, participants were not obliged to wear the device during the night. While showering or swimming, the accelerometer had to be removed.
Gt3x bt
Manufactured by ActiGraph
Sourced in United States
The GT3X-BT is a wearable activity monitor designed to measure physical activity and sedentary behavior. It is capable of recording tri-axial acceleration data, which can be used to estimate various physical activity metrics. The device connects to mobile devices via Bluetooth for data transfer and review.
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39 protocols using gt3x bt
1
Hip-Worn Accelerometer Wear Protocol
2
Objective Sleep and Physical Activity Measurement
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The ActiGraph GT3X-BT tri-axial accelerometer (ActiGraph, Pensacola, Florida, USA) was used to objectively measure sleep parameters and PA. Data were analyzed using the ActiLife 6.13 data analysis software. Accelerometers have been used extensively to measure PA and are considered to be a valid measure of free-living PA in preschool children22 (link). Moreover, actigraphy is a valid, effective and cost-efficient alternative to polysomnography23 (link). The accelerometer was worn at the participant’s right hip. Participants were instructed to wear the monitor continually for 7 consecutive days and nights, removing it only for water-related activities24 (link).
The sleep-period time (from sleep onset to the end of sleep, including all sleep epochs and wakefulness after onset) was detected and separated from 24-h activity using a Tudor-Locke algorithm25 . Similarly to our study, this algorithm was designed for accelerometer data integrated into 60 s epochs, collected 24 h per day for 7 consecutive days using a right-hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X + in young children.
The sleep-period time (from sleep onset to the end of sleep, including all sleep epochs and wakefulness after onset) was detected and separated from 24-h activity using a Tudor-Locke algorithm25 . Similarly to our study, this algorithm was designed for accelerometer data integrated into 60 s epochs, collected 24 h per day for 7 consecutive days using a right-hip-worn ActiGraph GT3X + in young children.
3
Upper Limb Activity Monitoring Protocol
4
Comprehensive Upper Limb Accelerometry Assessment
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Participants wore the Actigraph GT3X-BT or GT9X-Link accelerometers on both wrists for the three cohorts, with methods described previously (32 (link)). Briefly, tri-axial acceleration data are sampled at 30 Hz for 24 or more hours continuously. Once the accelerometers were returned to the lab, data were uploaded, visually inspected, and processed using Actilife 6 (Actigraph Corp., Pensacola, FL) proprietary software. For most variables, data were band-pass filtered (0.25 and 2.5 Hz) and down sampled into 1-s epochs with ActiLife proprietary software, where each second is the sum of the 30 Hz values in that second and converted to activity counts (1 count = 0.001664 g). For a few variables (see Table 1 ), calculations were done directly on the 30 Hz data (6 (link), 24 (link)–26 ). Similar to previous work (7 (link), 12 (link), 19 (link), 21 (link), 43 (link)), accelerometry data was processed using custom written software in MATLAB (Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA) to calculate UL performance variables which qualify various aspects of UL activity in everyday life. Table 1 presents the 12 UL performance variables included in the analysis along with their description and the source of accelerometer data for calculation (1 vs. 30 Hz). The variables independently measure duration, magnitude, variability, symmetry and quality of movement of one or both ULs.
5
Wrist-Worn Accelerometer Protocol for Physical Activity Assessment
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Actigraph GT3X + BT (ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL), a triaxial accelerometer, was placed on participants’ non-dominant wrist for better compliance [48 (link)–50 (link)]. Participants were instructed to wear the accelerometer for consecutive 7 days except for water-based activities (e.g., swimming, showering, and bathing). The GT3X + BT was initialized to record raw accelerations at a 30 Hz sampling rate. Chandler’s cut points [51 (link)] based on vector magnitude were used to classify different intensities of physical activity and sedentary behavior. The cut points were developed for children aged 8–12 using non-dominant wrist-worn accelerometers and were recommended by Migueles, Cadenas-Sanchez [52 (link)]. Physical activity was categorized into: ≤ 305 (sedentary), 306 – 817 (LPA; light physical activity), 818 – 1968 (MPA; moderate physical activity), ≥ 1969 (VPA; vigorous physical activity). The same epoch length (5-s) used when developing Chandler’s cut points [51 (link)] was selected as epoch length can influence activity counts [52 (link)].
6
Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention
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Food consumption will be evaluated by the Food Frequency Questionnaire administered at baseline and at the end of the study. Based on the responses, individual goals will be created, and the intervention group will receive a calendar that aims to monitor the fulfillment of these established goals.
The physical activity of the guardians will be assessed using the IPAQ-SF [36 (link)] and children using the PAQ-C [37 (link)]. In addition, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time for children will be assessed using triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3x-BT, Pensacola, FL, USA) [38 (link)] positioned on the nondominant wrist for 7 consecutive days at baseline and after the intervention period. The adherence to the exercise protocol will be evaluated through a questionnaire at the end of the intervention, where participants should report how many classes per week were performed.
The physical activity of the guardians will be assessed using the IPAQ-SF [36 (link)] and children using the PAQ-C [37 (link)]. In addition, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and sedentary time for children will be assessed using triaxial accelerometers (ActiGraph GT3x-BT, Pensacola, FL, USA) [38 (link)] positioned on the nondominant wrist for 7 consecutive days at baseline and after the intervention period. The adherence to the exercise protocol will be evaluated through a questionnaire at the end of the intervention, where participants should report how many classes per week were performed.
7
Objective Physical Activity Measurement
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Physical activity is measured over seven consecutive days with the ActiGraph GT3X-BT triaccelerometer (ActiGraph, Pensacola, FL) with normal filter settings [30 (link)]. The device firmware transforms these impulses and summarises them over discrete epochs into counts per time interval [31 (link)]. The GT3X-BT is 3 cm × 3 cm × 2 cm and weighs several grams. Measurement data conversion is performed with ActiLife 6.8.0 (ActiGraph, Penascola, FL). ActiGraph accelerometers are widely used in research because they have shown high validity and reliability [32 (link)–34 (link)].
Self-reported physical activity is measured with a diary according to Bouchard for three consecutive days. The level of physical activity is rated from 1 (sleep) to 9 (very high intensity), based on energy consumption [35 (link)].
Self-reported physical activity is measured with a diary according to Bouchard for three consecutive days. The level of physical activity is rated from 1 (sleep) to 9 (very high intensity), based on energy consumption [35 (link)].
8
Objectively Measuring Physical Activity
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International guidelines recommend that 150–300 minutes per week (mins/wk) of moderate intensity aerobic PA, or 75–150 mins/wk of vigorous intensity aerobic PA (combined or alone), are related to substantial health benefits for adults.17 Moderate PA is defined as the equivalent of activity performed ≥3 to <6 times the intensity of rest on an absolute scale, and vigorous PA is performed ≥6.0 times the intensity of rest.17 PA was measured objectively using the ActiGraph GT3X‐BT triaxial accelerometer (Actigraph Corp, Pensacola, Florida, USA). The ActiGraph is a valid and reliable device for measuring PA in both laboratory and field settings.18 , 19 Participants wore the accelerometer on an elastic belt above their right hip for seven days during waking hours, except during bathing or swimming. They were provided with an activity diary to document ‘on’ and ‘off’ wear‐time for validation purposes. It was emphasised to participants that they should carry out a typical week of PA. As recommended, only data that met wear‐time inclusion criteria of ≥10 hours per day on ≥4 days (including one weekend day) were analysed.20 Cut‐points established by Troiano et al. were used to classify PA as light, moderate and vigorous PA,21 and results were compared with PA guidelines.17 Bouts of moderate‐vigorous PA (MVPA) lasting ≥10 min were also analysed.
9
Accelerometer-based Physical Activity Monitoring
10
Validating Accelerometer-Based Activity Monitoring
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