For thin-section electron microscopy, log-phase cells in TAP medium were fixed by addition of an equal volume of TAP containing 5% glutaraldehyde (EM grade; EM Sciences, Hatfield, PA). After 15 min, cells were harvested by gentle centrifugation and resuspended in 2.5% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M Na cacodylate (pH 7.4) for 45 min. Cells were then washed five times with cacodylate buffer and postfixed with 1% OsO4 and 0.8% K3Fe(CN)6 in cacodylate buffer for 60 min. Following multiple washes with distilled water, samples were stained en bloc with 1% aqueous uranyl acetate, dehydrated through an ethanol series, transitioned to propylene oxide, and embedded in Poly/Bed 812 epoxide resin (Polysciences, Warrington, PA). Ultrathin sections with a nominal thickness of 55 nm were picked up on unsupported 300-mesh copper grids, poststained with 6.25% uranyl acetate in 50% methanol, and examined in a Hitachi H-7650 transmission electron microscope operating at 80 kV.
All micrographs were cropped and adjusted for brightness/contrast using Adobe Photoshop CS4.