Bluephase g2

Manufactured by Ivoclar Vivadent

Sourced in Liechtenstein, United States, Brazil

The Bluephase G2 is a curing light designed for use in dental laboratories. It is a cordless, handheld device that emits a high-intensity light to polymerize dental materials. The Bluephase G2 operates within a specific wavelength range to effectively cure a variety of light-curable dental materials.

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Lab products found in correlation

Monobond plus, by Ivoclar Vivadent (2 mentions) X tra base, by Voco dental (2 mentions) Esthet x hd, by Dentsply (2 mentions) Single bond universal adhesive, by 3M (1 mentions) Sof lex polishing discs, by 3M (1 mentions) Helioseal f, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Avaspec 3648, by Avantes (1 mentions) Panavia v5, by Kuraray (1 mentions) Panavia v5 tooth primer, by Kuraray (1 mentions) Digital caliper, by Mitutoyo (1 mentions) Model 3342, by Instron (1 mentions) Express xt, by 3M (1 mentions) Syntac classic, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Total etch, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Tetric n bond universal, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions) Ultra etch, by Ultradent (1 mentions) Adper single bond 2 adhesive, by 3M (1 mentions) Easyshade compact, by Vita Zahnfabrik (1 mentions) Universal testing machine, by Zwick Roell (1 mentions) Tetric evoceram, by Ivoclar Vivadent (1 mentions)

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Bluephase (57 citations)

33 protocols using bluephase g2

Resin Composite Dental Crown Fabrication

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Cores were filled with resin composite (Filtek Z250; 3M-ESPE)
using the incremental technique. Etching was done with 37%
phosphoric acid (Biodynamics, Ibipora, PR, Brazil) for 15 s,
washing with distilled water, drying with cotton, and active
application of the Single Bond Universal adhesive (3M-ESPE)
with a microbrush (KG Sorensen) for 20 s. The adhesive was
dried with a light air jet for 5 s, and photo activated for 20 s
(Bluephase G2; Ivoclar Vivadent). Each resin composite increment was photo activated for 20 s (Bluephase G2; Ivoclar
Vivadent), and the crown delimitation was achieved with a
#2135 drill (KG Sorensen). Based on previous work (12 (link)), the
crowns were made with self-curing acrylic resin (Vipi Cril; Vipi,
Pirassununga, SP, Brazil) in a silicone molds (Zetalabor; Zhermack, Rovigo, Italy) obtained from a premolar tooth. After finishing and polishing, the crowns were fixed with RelyX U200
self-adhesive resin cement (3M-ESPE) manipulated according
to the manufacturer’s recommendations.

Piccolli V.M., Silvia Pfeifer C., Piovezan Fugolin A.P., Pomini M.C., de Paula Ramos R.A, & Consani R.L. (2021). Adhesive strength of fiberglass posts treated with thio-urethane-based experimental silanes. European Oral Research, 55(2), 60-66.

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Fabrication and Sterilization of Dental Discs

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Thirty-nine disk-shaped specimens (13 for each material) with a diameter of approximately 5mm and a height of approximately 1mm were fabricated. The materials were formed in a calibrated circular plexiglass mold. A clean glass slab was placed beneath this mold for support and to ensure proper condensing of the materials. After the insertion of the resin composites into the mold, the surface was covered with a celluloid tape to minimize the formation of an oxygen-inhibited layer, and each side was light-cured for 40 seconds using a light-curing device (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Mississauga, Canada) with the light intensity of 1200 mW/cm² at a distance of about 1mm from the surface. All the specimens were then removed from the mold, were evaluated for visible surface defects, and were polished with moderate and fine Sof-Lex polishing discs (3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA) using a low-speed handpiece. The amalgam was also condensed into the mold. After 24 hours, the specimens were burnished and polished with the use of the amalgam polishing kit (Kerr Corp., CA, USA). The disk-shaped samples were then washed in distilled water and were sterilized in a 20-kGy gamma radiation chamber (cobalt 60) for 6 hours [27 (link)].

Motevasselian F., Zibafar E., Yassini E., Mirzaei M, & Pourmirhoseni N. (2017). Adherence of Streptococcus Mutans to Microhybrid and Nanohybrid Resin Composites and Dental Amalgam: An In Vitro Study. Journal of Dentistry (Tehran, Iran), 14(6), 337-343.

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Preparation and Characterization of Dental Materials

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10 discoid specimens (d=10 mm, h=0.85 mm) were prepared for each tested material (and curing mode, for light-curable materials), 10 discoid specimens (d=10 mm, h=0.85 mm) were prepared. The encapsulated materials (F9E, F9F, KM, KMQ and F2LC) were mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions. An adequate amount of material was extruded onto a polyethylene terephthalate (PET) film in a stainless steel ring mold of 1 mm height, covered with another sheet of PET film and compressed using a flat stainless steel plate. The total thickness of the specimen (0.85 mm) was the result of subtracting the thickness of two PET sheets from the thickness of the ring mold (1 mm). The non-encapsulated material (B2) was applied onto the PET film using a spatula. Specimen preparation was performed in the dark room with red light to avoid curing effect of ambient light on light-curable materials. Light-curable materials were cured using LED curing unit (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar-Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) for 20 s with one of the following light-curing modes: “high” (1100 mW/cm²), “soft” (650-1100 mW/cm²) and “low” (650 mW/cm²).

Spajić J., Prskalo K., Šariri K., Par M., Pandurić V, & Demoli N. (2018). Dimensional Changes of Glass Ionomers and a Giomer during the Setting Time. Acta Stomatologica Croatica, 52(4), 298-306.

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Light-Curing Polymerization Protocol

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A polywave light-emitting diode (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) with an average tip light emittance of 1,200 mW/cm² was used for all light-curing procedures. This light-curing unit provides a spectral output that covers both the 380–420 nm (with a 400 nm peak) and the 420–500 nm ranges (with a 460 nm peak), thereby providing effective activation of photoinitiator molecules. The light energy supplied for all evaluations was 24 J/cm² (20 seconds activation) for water sorption, solubility, and CS evaluation, and 40 seconds for real-time polymerization.

da Cruz L.B., Oliveira M.T., Saraceni C.H, & Lima A.F. (2019). The influence of nanofillers on the properties of ethanol-solvated and non-solvated dental adhesives. Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics, 44(3), e28.

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Fissure Sealant Effectiveness Comparison

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A total of 50 intact, non-carious human molars, extracted for orthodontic reasons, were included in this study. Prior to the experiment, teeth were cleaned under running water to remove organic residues, decontaminated with 0.5% Chloramine-T compound, and stored in distilled water.
Specimens were randomly divided into five equal groups (n = 10), according to the tested materials. The control group (G1) was sealed with conventional resin-based sealant (Helioseal F, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) with prior enamel etching (37% phosphoric acid). The Group 2 (G2) specimens were sealed with self-adhesive composite resin (Constic, DMG, Hamburg, Germany) without enamel pre-treatment according to the manufacturer’s instructions. In Group 3 (G3), the enamel was etched with 37% phosphoric acid and sealed with the Constic. The Group 4 specimens (G4) were sealed with glass ionomer (Equia Fill, GC Company, Japan) and covered with Equia varnish. Finally, Group 5 (G5) was sealed with glass ionomer (Equia Fill, GC Company, Tokyo, Japan) and thermo-light-cured with LED polymerization unit (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein) for 60 s.

Gorseta K., Borzabadi-Farahani A., Vrazic T, & Glavina D. (2019). An In-Vitro Analysis of Microleakage of Self-Adhesive Fissure Sealant vs. Conventional and GIC Fissure Sealants. Dentistry Journal, 7(2), 32.

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Evaluation of Flowable Resin Composites

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The five flowable resin composites used in this study are shown in Table 1. Monomers and fillers are also listed in Table 1. BBM (BULK BASE Medium flow), BBH (BULK BASE High flow) and FBF (Filtek Bulk Fill) are classified as cavity base materials and FSU (Filtek Supreme Ultra) and MI (MI flow) are conventional flowable composites. Structural formulae of LPS monomer is listed in Fig. 1 18) . For light curing, an LED light curing unit with a tip diameter of 10 mm (1,200 mW/cm 2 , Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) was used.

Nitta K., Nomoto R., Tsubota Y., Tsuchikawa M, & Hayakawa T. (2017). Characteristics of low polymerization shrinkage flowable resin composites in newly-developed cavity base materials for bulk filling technique. Dental materials journal, 36(6).

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Comparative Assessment of Dentin Surface Treatments

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Sixty dentin discs were randomly assigned into three groups of 20 each.

(control group): No treatment of the dentin surface.

(Seal&Protect®): The surface of each specimen was air-dried and Seal&Protect® (Densply Sirona, Baden, Switzerland) was applied according to the manufacturer’s manual. For the application, a sterilized single-use applicator (Orbibrush, Orbis, Muenster, Germany) was used. After a residence time of 20 s with a gentle excess film on the surface, samples were air-dried for 5 s and light-cured at a wavelength of 385–515 nm (1200 mW/cm2) from a distance of 5 mm for 10 s (bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Liechtenstein). In a second step, Seal&Protect® was applied and cured again in the same mode.

(DentinoCer, Table 1): Sample surfaces were air-dried and DentinoCer (Biocer, Bayreuth, Germany) was applied with a sterilized single-use applicator (Orbibrush, Orbis, Muenster, Germany) for 5 min, and stayed for another 5 min until excess material was removed by airflow.

Table 1

Composition and pH-value of the dry weight of DentinoCer®

Component	Dry weight %
Ca	20.4
P	31.2
Si	4.55
pH	6.6–6.7

Both applied test liquids had previously been subjected to gamma-sterilization (23 kGy).
After application, the samples at the tube endings were put back into the water basins.

Manz A.S., Attin T., Sener B, & Sahrmann P. (2019). Dentin tubule obturation of a bioglass-based dentin desensitizer under repeated exposure to lactid acid and brushing. BMC Oral Health, 19, 274.

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Light Transmittance of Dental Ceramics

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We measured the power (mW) of a conventional LED light-curing unit (Bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent) using a photodetector (918D-SL-OD3, Newport Corp., Irvine, CA, USA) attached to an optical power meter (Model 1918-C, Newport Corp.). The light intensity (mW·cm⁻²) was calculated as the ratio of the emitted power (mW) to the area of the light guide tip (cm²). The light intensity of the LED light-curing unit was 678 mW·cm⁻². We then measured the light intensity transmitted through each ceramic plate (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, and 4.0 mm thick) in the five different ceramic materials. The light guide tip was placed in direct contact with the ceramic plates.
The light transmittance rate (%) was calculated as the percentage ratio of the light intensity through a ceramic plate to the light intensity without the plate. When we measured the intensity without the plate, the photodetector was separated from the light guide tip by the corresponding thickness of the ceramic plate. Every measurement was taken 10 s after the light was turned on in order to obtain stable light intensity. We also took triplicate measurements per specimen and calculated the averages.
The light spectra transmitted through each ceramic plate was recorded using a spectrally resolving fiber optic spectrometer (Avaspec-3648, Avantes, Broomfield, CO, USA), and every measurement was taken 10 s after the light was turned on.

Oh S., Shin S.M., Kim H.J., Paek J., Kim S.J., Yoon T.H, & Kim S.Y. (2018). Influence of glass-based dental ceramic type and thickness with identical shade on the light transmittance and the degree of conversion of resin cement. International Journal of Oral Science, 10(1), 5.

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Controlled LED-LCU Irradiance Measurement

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In this study we used a wide-spectrum LED-LCU (Bluephase G2® Ivoclar Vivadent, Schaan, Liechtenstein) in high mode (≈ 1400 mW/cm²). The irradiance was controlled with a calibrated laboratory-grade NIST-references USB4000 spectrometer (Managing Accurate Resin Curing (MARC) System; Bluelight Analytics Inc., Halifax, Canada) prior to- and after each testing session.
The three-way syringe was placed 2 cm from-, and perpendicular to the lingual surface of the tooth. The average airflow provided by the three-way syringe was assessed with a TA5 Anemometer (Airflow, Rheinbach, Germany). Prior to the experiments, the airflow of 21 three-way syringes at the University Dental Clinic was measured to establish a reference for the experiments. The average airflow was determined to be 31.4 m/s. For the study, the airflow of the three-way syringe was measured before and after the experiments. On average the airflow was 31.6 m/s.

Mouhat M., Stangvaltaite-Mouhat L., Finnäs E., Andersen A., Evertsen A.L, & Nilsen B.W. (2022). How does indirect air-cooling influence pulp chamber temperature in different volume teeth and absence/presence of resin-based composite during light curing?. BMC Oral Health, 22, 538.

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Dentine Surface Treatment Evaluation

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Sixty specimens were randomly distributed into three groups of 20 each as follows:

(control): No treatment of the dentine surface.

(Seal&Protect®): The surface of the specimens was gently dried by oil-free airflow. Then Seal&Protect® (Heraeus Kulzer, Hanau, Germany) was applied with a sterilized brush applicator (Orbibrush, Orbis, Muenster, Germany). The specimens were left untouched with some liquid excess on the surface for another 20 s before the samples were gently dryed by airflow for 5 s. Finally, the surface was light-cured from a distance of 5 mm for 10 s at a wavelength of 380–515 nm and an intensity of 1200 mW/cm2 (bluephase G2, Ivoclar Vivadent AG, Schaan, Lichtenstein). Directly thereafter, a second application was performed accordingly and the discs were cured for another 10 s without any airflow application.

(DentinoCer): The specimens’ surface was dried by gentle oil-free airflow. After vigorous shaking of the vial, DentinoCer (Biocer, Bayreuth, Germany) was applied with a sterile brush applicator (Orbibrush, Orbis, Muenster, Germany) for 5 min and left for another 5 min untouched.

The test liquids used for group B and C had previosly been gamma-sterilized by a radiation of 23 kGy.
Immediately after treatment, the samples were placed back into the tube endings and into measuring glasses containing sterile tap water (Fig. 2).

Stefanie M.A., Thomas A., Beatrice S, & Philipp S. (2018). Performance of a bioglass-based dentine desensitizer under lactid acid exposition: an in-vitro study. BMC Oral Health, 18, 193.

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