Methyl alcohol

Seven commercial cultivars of seed‐rich pumpkin in China, including Dali, Luoren No.2, Luoren No.3, Jinhui No. 4, Ruifeng No.9, Yinhui No. 3, and Xuecheng No.2 (coded LR‐1, LR‐2, LR‐3, JH‐4, RF‐9, YH‐3, and XC‐2), were purchased from Mudanjiang Beidahuang Food Co., Ltd. All seeds were received in good shape (without damage) and were stored at 4℃.
Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) and phenylisothiocyanate (PITC) were purchased from Sigma Chemical Co. Monosodium glutamate (MSG), trimethylamine, n‐hexane, methyl alcohol, acetonitrile of HPLC grade, and other analytical reagents were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd.

All chemicals and reagents were obtained commercially and were analytical grade. Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB), tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS), aqueous ammonia, sodium carbonate, ethanol, acetic acid and methyl alcohol were obtained from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co, China.
0.2% trypsin was obtained from Hyclone, USA. Dulbecco’s modified Eagle’s medium (DMEM) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific, USA. Monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) was obtained from Aladdin Industrial Co, China. 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 5% bovine serum albumin (BSA) were obtained from Jackson Immuno Research Inc. USA. Phosphorylated p65, p65, phosphorylated IKKβ, IKKβ, phosphorylated IκBα, IκBα primary antibodies were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, USA. Collagenase, Celastrol (CSL) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), 10% paraformaldehyde, horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated secondary antibody, Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8), RIPA lysis buffer, BCA Protein Assay Kit and enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) detection kit were obtained from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology, China.

Acetone, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, glucose, zinc acetate (Zn(CH₃COO)₂), ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH), and zinc nitrate (Zn(NO₃)₂) were purchased from Sinopharm Group, China, (Shanghai, China) and without further purification. 2–Methylimidazole was obtained from Aladdin Industrial Inc (Shanghai, China). Carbon fibers were purchased from Zhongfu Shenying Carbon Fiber Co., Ltd. (Lianyungang, China).

AFB₁ (2, 3, 6α, 9α-tetrahydro-4-methoxycyclopenta [c] furo [2, 3:45] furo [2, 3-h] chromene-1, 11-dione; purity >98%) was obtained from Sigma (Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA). Methyl alcohol, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and other reagents are analytical reagents and purchased from Sinopharm (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China) Peanut oil was purchased from Wal-Mart supermarket in Wuhan, China.
For high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and TQEF-MS/MS analysis, chromatographic grade acetonitrile and Methyl alcohol were purchased from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, USA). The deionized water was obtained from a Milli-Q SP Reagent Water system (Millipore, Bedford, MA, USA).
For cytotoxicity tests, human embryo hepatocytes (L-02 cells) were purchased from Procell (Procell Co. Ltd., Wuhan, China). Culture medium RPMI-1640 and fetal calf serum were purchased from HyClone ((GE-Healthcare, Logan, UT, USA). The 0.05% trypsin solution was from Thermo Fisher (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

Gadolinium chloride hexahydrate (GdCl₃·6H₂O), ytterbium chloride (YbCl₃·6H₂O), thulium chloride hexahydrate (TmCl₃·6H₂O), Erbium chloride hexahydrate (ErCl₃·6H₂O), ammonium fluoride (NH₄F), oleic acid (OA) and 1-octadecene (1-ODE) were obtained from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China) (Shanghai, China). 3,3′,5,5′-Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), cholesterol (CHOL) and cholesterol oxidase (CHOD) were gotten from Aladdin Biochemical Reagent Co. Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Sodium hydroxide, hydrochloric acid, methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, cyclohexane, phosphate, FeCl₂ and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) were bought from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd (Shanghai, China). Triton X-100 was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (Shanghai) Trading Co., Ltd. Prepare a cholesterol stock solution by adding Triton X-100 to dissolve the cholesterol solid and dilute it with phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (10 mM, pH 7.4).

Zinc acetate (Zn(Ac)₂, 99.5%), silver nitrate (AgNO₃, 99.8%), sulfur powder (S, 99.99%), 1-dodecanethiol (DDT, 98.0%), methyl alcohol (analytical regent), and chloroform (analytical regent) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd. Indium acetate (In(Ac)₃, 99.99%) and oleylamine (OAm, 70%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC. All regents were used as received without further experimental purification.