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5 protocols using rat anti tubulin

1

Immunofluorescence Imaging of Estradiol-Induced Cellular Processes

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Five days old seedlings were incubated in 1 ml liquid growth medium (0.5x MS medium, 1% sucrose, pH 5.8) containing 20 μM Estradiol (Sigma Aldrich) for 5-6h at plant room conditions in 24-well cell-culture plates. Incubation was stopped by fixation with 4% paraformaldehyde in MTSB. Immunofluorescence staining was performed as described [49 (link)] or with an InsituPro machine (Intavis) [50 (link)].
Antibodies used: rat anti-tubulin 1:600 (Abcam), rabbit anti-AtγCOP 1:1000 (Agrisera), rabbit anti-KNOLLE 1:2000 [49 (link)], rabbit anti-clathrin (1:600) [51 (link)]. Alexa633 (Invitrogen) or Cy3-conjugated secondary antibodies (Dianova) were diluted 1:600.
Live-cell imaging was performed with 2 μM FM4-64 (Invitrogen, Molecular Probes).
Estradiol induction was performed using 20μM Estradiol for 5-6h at plant room conditions in 24-well cell-culture plates.
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2

Mitotic Quantification of NV651 in HUH7 Cells

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HUH7 cells were seeded at a concentration of 4.5 × 104 cells/well in a 6-well plate containing coverslips, followed by the treatment of NV651 at 10 or 100 nM or the equivalent volume in DMSO. After 48 h, samples were fixed with 4% PFA (Histolab, Cat# 02176, Gothenburg, Sweden) and permeabilized with 0.1% Triton x-100 (Sigma-Aldrich, Cat# X100-500ML, St. Louis, MO, USA) diluted in PBS. Samples were stained with 1-µg/mL of rat anti-tubulin (Abcam, Cat# ab6161, Cambridge, UK) for one hour at room temperature. Lastly, DAPI and secondary antibody goat anti-rat IgG AF546 conjugate (Invitrogen, Cat# A11081, Waltham, MA, USA) were added. Coverslips were mounted on glass slides adding fluorescent mounting media (Dako, Agilent, Santa Clara, CA, USA). Thirteen pictures at 10× were taken with a Zeiss Confocal microscope and quantified for the number of mitotic cells in relation to the total number of cells with ImageJ.
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3

Molecular Profiling of Translation Regulation

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The following primary antibodies were used in this study: mouse anti-G3BP1 (Santa Cruz, sc-81940, Santa Cruz, CA, USA), goat anti-eIF4AI (Santa Cruz, sc-14211), mouse anti-eIF4E (P-2, Santa Cruz, sc-9976), rabbit anti-eIF4G (Cell Signaling #2498), goat anti-eIF3B (Santa Cruz, sc-16377), rabbit anti-Caprin1 (Proteintech, 15112-1-AP, Chicago, IL, USA), rabbit anti-phospho(S51)-eIF2α (Cell Signaling #9721), rabbit anti-eIF2α (Cell Signaling #9722, Danvers, MA, USA), rabbit anti-4E-BP1 (Cell Signaling, #53H11), rabbit anti-phospho-4E-BP1(Thr37/46) (Cell Signaling, #236B4), rabbit anti-AMPKalpha (Cell Signaling, #2603), rabbit anti-phospho-AMPKalpha (Cell Signaling, #2535), rat anti-tubulin (Abcam, #ab6160, Cambridge, UK), rabbit anti-Trx1 (FL-105, Santa Cruz sc-20146) (WB), rabbit anti-Trx1 (Cell Signaling #2429) (IF) and mouse anti-puromycin (Millipore MABE343).
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4

STORM Imaging of Mitochondria in Neurons

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STORM was performed using a Nikon A1 confocal microscope with CFI SR Apochomat TIRF ×100 oil objective and Andor Technology iXon3 897 EMCCD camera. Samples were treated as previously described (Huang et al. 2008 (link)). In brief, primary rat cortical neurons were maintained on glass coverslips (1 × 105/ml) for 7 days, then fixed with 3 % PFA and 0.1 % gluteraldehyde for 10 min, and reduced with 0.1 % NaBH7 for 7 min at RT. Cells were washed three times with 0.1 % sodium cacodylate buffer, and blocking buffer (5 % non-fat milk with 0.2 % Triton) was applied for 20 min at RT. Rabbit anti-Tom20 (1:200; Santa Cruz, CA) and rat anti-tubulin (1:5000; Abcam, MA) were used overnight to label mitochondria and cytoskeleton, respectively. Correspondent fluorescence-conjugated secondary antibody solution (1:2000; Invitrogen, CA) was applied for 1 h at RT. Samples were post-fixed with the same initial fixation solution mentioned above, and coverslips were mounted using imaging buffer with cysteamine (MEA), as described by Nikon, and used immediately. Secondary fluorophores were bleached using 647 and 561 nm lasers until blinking was evident (1–3 min), followed by image recording. Mitochondrial shape and size was measured manually using Nikon AR analysis software (NIS-elements Advanced Research software, Nikon, Japan).
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5

Investigating EGFR Expression in Pancreatic Cancer Cells

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MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 cells were lysed in RIPA buffer supplemented with cOmplete™ mini protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche). Following incubation for 30 min on ice, lysates were centrifuged at 20,000×g for 10 min at 4 °C and the supernatant was collected for quantification of protein content using the BCA protein assay kit (Thermo Scientific). Samples were denatured for 10 min at 95 °C, separated by SDS-PAGE and transferred onto a PVDF membrane (Millipore). After immersion in tris-buffered saline containing 0.1% (v/v) Tween 20 and 5% (w/v) bovine serum albumin (blocking solution) for 1 h at room temperature, the membrane was probed with rabbit anti-EGFR (Cell Signaling Technology; 1:1000 in blocking solution) or rat anti-tubulin (Abcam; 1:1000 in blocking solution) primary antibodies overnight at 4 °C. Following incubation with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit (Cell Signaling Technology; 1:10,000 in blocking solution) or rabbit anti-rat (Abcam; 1:10,000 in blocking solution) secondary antibodies for 1 h at room temperature, the membrane was overlaid with Immobilon® Forte Western HRP substrate (Millipore) and protein expression was imaged using the ChemiDoc XRS+ system (Bio-Rad).
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