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20 protocols using antibody against gapdh

1

Comprehensive IgE Antibody Detection Assay

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A peroxidase-labeled mouse anti-human IgE Fc antibody and peroxidase-labeled goat anti-mouse IgE, IgG1 and IgG2a Fc antibodies were obtained from SouthernBiotech, USA (9160-05, 1110-05, 1070-05 and 1155-05); tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) was purchased from Solarbio, China (R1200); aluminum hydroxide was obtained from Thermo Fisher, USA (77161); and LPS was purchased from Sigma, USA (L3012). ELISA kits for IL-4, IFN-γ and TNF-α were obtained from Ebioscience, USA (88-7044, 88–7314 and 88–7324); ELISA kits for IL-5 and IL-13 were purchased from 4 A Biotech, China (CME0003, CME0009); an IRF4 antibody was obtained from Cell Signaling, USA (4964); an antibody against GAPDH was procured from Proteintech, China (10494-1-AP); a TLR4 signaling inhibitor was purchased from Invivogen, USA (CLI-095); an anti-mouse TLR2 Ab was obtained from Biolegend, USA (121802); the PE-CD80, PE-CD83, FITC-MHCII and FITC-CD40 antibodies were obtained from Ebioscience, USA (12–0801, 12–0831, 11–5321 and 11–0402); and mouse GM-CSF and IL-4 were purchased from Sino Biological, China (51048-M07H, 51084-M08B). Anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies were obtained from Ebioscience, USA (16-0031-82, 16-0281-82).
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2

Protein Expression Analysis via Western Blot

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Total cellular proteins were prepared according to the method previously described [39 (link)]. Expression of MGMT and p-STAT3 (phosphorylation at Tyr705) was determined using western blot analysis. MGMT (mouse monoclonal antibody, 1:500) and p-STAT3 (mouse monoclonal antibody, 1:1000) antibodies were purchased from Santa Cruz Biotechnology, USA. Meanwhile, an antibody against GAPDH (ProteinTech Group Inc., Chicago, USA, 1:10,000) was used to stain GAPDH as a loading control.
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3

EGb Modulates Cisplatin-Induced Fibrosis

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EGb (Batch No. IB122) was provided by Dr. Willmar at Schwabe Pharmaceuticals. Each 5-ml ampule contained 17.5 mg of EGb, which contained 24% ginkgo flavonol glycosides and 6% terpene lactones in ethanol. Powder injection of cisplatin (Batch No. 5050272DB), dissolved in normal saline before use, was purchased from Qilu Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. SIS3 (Smad3 inhibitor) was purchased from MCE (HY-13013, Shanghai, China). Minimum essential medium (MEM) (batch no. WH01122101XP01) was purchased from Procell (PM150410, Wuhan, China). Antibodies against α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA; cat. no. BM0002), type I collagen (Col I; cat. no. BA0325), TIMP-1 (cat. no. D10E6), MMP-1 (cat. no. E9S9N), CTGF (cat. no. D8Z8U), TGF-β1 (cat. no. ab179695), p38 MAPK (cat. no. 9215S), p-p38 MAPK (cat. no. 8690S) and p-smad2/3 (cat. no. 8828S) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology, Inc.; antibodies against vimentin (cat. no. 10366-1-AP), E-cadherin (cat. no. 20874-1-AP) and beta-actin (β-actin; cat. no. 20536-1-AP) were obtained from Proteintech; and an antibody against GAPDH (cat. no. ab181602) was purchased from Abcam.
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4

Investigating S1P Signaling in Liver Fibrosis

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Sal was procured from Shanghai Tauto Biotechnology (Shanghai, China), the alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and hydroxyproline (Hyp) detection kits were acquired from Nanjing Jiancheng Bioengineering Institute (Nanjing, China). FN, type I collagen (Col I), Bax and Bcl-2 antibodies were obtained from Abcam (Cambridge, United Kingdom). JNK, p-JNK, PARP, and cleaved caspase 3 antibodies were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Massachusetts, United States). SphK1, SphK2, S1PR1, S1PR2, S1PR3, CD9, and tumor susceptibility gene 101 (TSG101) antibodies were procured from ImmunoWay Biotechnology Company (Suzhou, China). Antibody against GAPDH was provided by Proteintech (Wuhan, China). TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) Apoptosis Assay Kit, 2-(4-Amidinophenyl)-6-indolecarbamidine dihydrochloride (DPAI), and Cy3-labeled goat anti-rabbit IgG were all bought from Beyotime Institute of Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). The S1P Assay Kit (S1P-ELISA) was delivered by Echelon Biosciences (Salt Lake City, United States).
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5

Immunoblotting Protocol for Mitochondrial Proteins

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The cells were directly lysed in 1× sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) loading buffer and subjected to SDS-PAGE. The blots were sequentially incubated with primary and HRP-conjugated secondary antibodies. The immunoreactive bands were then visualized using a Chemiluminescence Detection Kit (Servicebio, Wuhan, China) and detected with an imaging system (Bio-Rad, USA). Antibodies against FTO (1:2000, RRID:AB_280081) and caveolin-1 (1:1500, RRID: AB_32577) were obtained from Abcam. Antibodies against Pink1 (1:1500, Cat#6946), MFN2 (1:1000, Cat#11925), p-Parkin1 (1:1500, Cat#36728), Parkin1 (1:1000, Cat#2131), Cytochrome c (1:2000, Cat#12963) and β-tubulin (1:1500, Cat#2146) were obtained from Cell Signaling Technology. Antibody against p-MFN2 (1:3000, Cat#ABC963) was obtained from Merck Millipore. Antibody against GAPDH (1:5000, Cat# 60004) antibodies was purchased from Proteintech.
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6

Investigating Immune Checkpoint Inhibition in Cancer

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PD0325901 and PD-1 blocking antibody (pembrolizumab) were purchased from Selleck Chemicals. Anti-PD-L1, anti-phospho ERK1/2 and anti-ERK1/2 antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The antibody against GAPDH was purchased from Proteintech. The anti-mouse CD3 and granzyme B antibodies for immunohistochemistry were purchased from Abcam. The anti-human PD-L1 and p-ERK1/2 for immunohistochemistry were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology. The anti-human CD3 and CD8 antibodies for immunohistochemistry were purchased from Zsbio. Dimethyl sulfoxide and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were products of Sigma–Aldrich. DMEM and fetal bovine serum were products of Gibco. Penicillin, streptomycin and trypsin were obtained from Thermo Fisher Scientific. InVivoMab anti-mouse PD-1 (CD279) was purchased from BioXcell.
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7

Phospho-p38α and Phospho-MKK4 Antibody Protocol

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Antibodies against phospho-p38α (Thr180/Tyr182) (Cat# 4511S) and phospho-MKK4 (Ser257) (Cat# 4514S) were purchased from Cell Signaling Technologies (Beverly, MA, USA). Antibodies against MKK4 (Cat# A14781) were from ABclonal Technology (Wuhan, China). Antibody against p38 (Cat# sc-81621) was from Santa Cruz biotechnology (Santa Cruz, CA, USA). Antibody against GAPDH (Cat# 60004-1-Ig) was from Proteintech Group (Chicago, IA, USA). Tubeimoside-2 was purchased from Chengdu Biopurify Phytochemicals Ltd. (Chengdu, China). Small-molecular inhibitor MRT68921 (Cat# S7949) was from Selleck Chemicals(Houston, TX, USA); other small molecular inhibitors, 3-methyladenine (Cat# HY-19312), Wortmannin (Cat# HY-10197), EIPA (Cat# HY-101840), PD 169,316 (Cat# HY-10578), EHop-016 (Cat# HY-12810), and EHT 1864 (Cat# HY-16659) were purchased from MedChemExpress (MCE, Shanghai, China). We purchased 70 kDa dextran (Cat# D1818) and lucifer yellow (#L1177) from Life Technologies (Waltham, MA, USA). All reagents unless otherwise stated were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham, MA, USA).
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8

Protein Expression Analysis of EOC Cells

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EOC cells (HO8910 and OVCA429) were lysed with cold lysis buffer (RIPA buffer, 89900, Thermo Fisher), proteins were extracted from the lysates, and protein concentrations were quantified. Next, equal amounts of proteins from each group were purified with 10% SDS‐polyacrylamide gels and were transferred to a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane. Nonspecific binding was blocked by incubation with 5% skim milk for 1 hour. Next, the membrane was incubated with primary antibodies overnight at 4°C. Antibodies against EGFR, p‐EGFR, Snail, Slug, E‐cadherin, STAT‐3, pSTAT3, TIMP2, and EZH2 were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (1:1000). Antibody against GAPDH was purchased from Proteintech (1:5000). The membrane was then treated with horseradish peroxidase‐conjugated secondary antibody for 1 hour. Then the antibody‐reactive bands were detected with the ECL reagent (Millipore Corp.).
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9

Western Blot Analysis of PPAR-γ and iNOS

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WB analysis was performed as previously described [70 (link)]. In order to obtain the protein extracts, mice’s colon and hippocampus tissues were treated with a lysis buffer containing ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA)-free complete protease inhibitors. Then, proteins were subjected to 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gels (SDS-PAGE). For the transfer of the bands, a polyvinylidene difluoride membrane was used. Membranes were blocked in 0.1% Tween-20 Tris-buffered saline (TBST) containing 5% nonfat dry milk for 2 h. The membranes were then incubated with the anti-PPAR-γ antibody (1:2000, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) or anti-iNOS antibody (1:500, Proteintech, Wuhan, China) overnight at 4 °C. Subsequently, membranes were incubated with a secondary antibody (1:5000, TRAN, Beijing, China) for 2 h at 37 °C. Normalization was performed by blotting the same membranes with an antibody against GAPDH (1:50,000, Proteintech, Wuhan, China).
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10

Investigating HSV-2 Infection and Apoptosis

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HSV-2 G strain was provided by Dr. Qinxue Hu (State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China). PE Annexin V Apoptosis Detection Kit I was purchased from BD (Pharmingen, USA). Recombinant human IL-22 was purchased from Peprotech Inc. (Frankfurt, Germany). Anti-IL-22 receptor antibodies (anti-IL-22R1 and anti-IL-10R2) were purchased from R&D (Minneapolis, MH, USA). Rabbit antibodies against ISGs, STATs and tight junction proteins were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (Danvers, MA). Antibodies against HSV-1 + HSV-2 gD were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Antibody against GAPDH was purchased from Proteintech (Chicago USA). All culture plasticwares were obtained from Corning (Corning, NY). Unless otherwise specified, all other culture reagents were purchased from Invitrogen (San Diego, CA).
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