Swiss webster mice

Manufactured by Taconic Biosciences

Sourced in United States

Swiss Webster mice are an outbred albino mouse strain commonly used in biomedical research. They are known for their robust health, fertility, and docile temperament.

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55 protocols using swiss webster mice

Intracerebral Inoculation of Viral Pathogens

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D4 and miRNA targeted viruses were diluted to 5 log₁₀ pfu/ml with L-15 medium supplemented with 1x SPG. Three-day-old Swiss Webster mice (Taconic Farms) in groups of 10 were inoculated intracranially (IC) with 10 μL (3 log₁₀ pfu) of virus and returned to the dam. For study of virus replication, the brains from three mice were harvested on 5, 8, 11, and 14 days post-infection (dpi). Each brain was weighted, and 10% homogenates were prepared using L-15 medium supplemented with 1x SPG, 0.05mg/mL of Ciprofloxacin, 0.06 mg/mL of Clindamycin and 0.0025 mg/mL of Amphotericin B. Virus titers in each brain suspension were determined by titration in Vero cells. Harvesting of brains from mice infected with D4 was not performed at 14 dpi due to earlier death of the animals. To study the effect of miRNA targeting on virus neurovirulence, 3-day-old Swiss Webster mice (Taconic Farms) were inoculated IC with 3 log₁₀ pfu of parental D4 or its miRNA-targeted derivative and monitored for morbidity and mortality for 21 dpi. Mice that developed neurological signs (paralysis) were humanely euthanized. Differences in replication kinetics were compared using 2-way ANOVA and P-values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction method to account for multiple comparisons, and differences in survival were compared using Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test implemented in Prism 6 software (La Jolla, CA).

Tsetsarkin K.A., Liu G., Kenney H., Bustos-Arriaga J., Hanson C.T., Whitehead S.S, & Pletnev A.G. (2015). Dual miRNA Targeting Restricts Host Range and Attenuates Neurovirulence of Flaviviruses. PLoS Pathogens, 11(4), e1004852.

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Lyme Disease Antibody Generation Protocol

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Swiss-Webster mice were purchased from Taconic (Hudson, NY). Ixodes scapularis tick larvae were obtained from BEI Resources (Manassas, VA). B. burgdorferi-infected nymphs were generated as described in Generation of Nymphal Ticks Carrying B. burgdorferi. All B. burgdorferi, B. afzelii, and B. garinii strains used in this study were grown in BSK-II complete medium (Table S1). To generate the antisera against different Lyme borreliae species, B. burgdorferi strain B31-A3, B. afzelii strain VS461-JL, or B. garinii strain ZQ1 was intra-dermally introduced into mice (10⁶ bacteria per mouse). At 21 days post-infection, an ear biopsy (one biopsy per mouse) was collected to determine the infectivity of the particular strain used to infect that mouse using quantitative PCR (qPCR; see Quantitative PCR and the previous description^{53 (link)}). Sera were collected from the qPCR-positive mice, and its seropositivity was verified for the particular strain used to infect that mouse using ELISA as described previously.^{79 (link)} Chondroitin lyase ABC from Proteus vulgaris was expressed in our laboratory. Recombinant Flavobacterial heparin lyases I, II, and III were expressed in our laboratory previously.^{80 (link)}

Lin Y.P., Yu Y., Marcinkiewicz A.L., Lederman P., Hart T.M., Zhang F, & Linhardt R.J. (2020). Non-anticoagulant Heparin as a Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Prevents Lyme Disease Infection. ACS infectious diseases, 6(3), 503-514.

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Naïve Mouse Model Housing Protocol

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In all experiments naïve, 6 – 10 week old Swiss Webster mice were purchased from Taconic (Hudson, NY). Both male and female mice were used. Mice were housed in same-sex groups of 2 – 4 animals on a 12: 12 hr light/dark cycle. Food and water were available ad libitum. Animals were assigned to their experimental groups using a random number generator, with a minimum of one animal per drug treatment in each housing group. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the University of Texas at Dallas approved all animal procedures.

Paige C., Maruthy G.B., Mejia G., Dussor G, & Price T. (2018). Spinal inhibition of P2XR or p38 signaling disrupts hyperalgesic priming in male, but not female, mice. Neuroscience, 385, 133-142.

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Mice Breeding for Endothelial AhR Deficiency

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C57BL/6 J WT mice (Stock# 000664), mice expressing the Ahr floxed allele (Ahr^fl/fl; Stock# 006203), and mice expressing a Cre recombinase driven by vascular endothelial cadherin (Cdh5) promoter (Cre^Cdh5; Stock# 006137) were procured from the Jackson Laboratory and bred in-house in the Department of Laboratory Animal Resources, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences. Ahr^fl/fl mice were crossed with Cre^Cdh5 mice to generate endothelial-specific AHR deficient mice (Ahr^fl/flCre^Cdh5). Ahr^fl/fl littermates were used as controls for Ahr^fl/flCre^Cdh5 mice. Swiss Webster mice (model# SW) were obtained from the Taconic Biosciences and bred in-house. Mice were maintained under specific-pathogen-free conditions, housed in cages containing corn-cob bedding (Bed-O-Cob, The Andersons Co.) and nestlets (Cat# CABFM00088, Ancare Corp.) and fed ad libitum grain-based chow (LabDiet 5001). Mice were housed at 23°C with 12 h light/dark cycle. The Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC) at The University of Toledo approved all mouse experiments.

Yeoh B.S., Golonka R.M., Saha P., Kandalgaonkar M.R., Tian Y., Osman I., Patterson A.D., Gewirtz A.T., Joe B, & Vijay-Kumar M. (2023). Urine-based Detection of Congenital Portosystemic Shunt in C57BL/6 Mice. Function, 4(5), zqad040.

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Genetically Modified Mouse Lines for RNA-Seq

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Aldh1l1-eGFP (MMRRC #3843271) on a Swiss-Webster background were acquired from MMRRC and maintained by breeding with Swiss-Webster mice (from Taconic). Hemizygous transgenic mice and wild-type littermates were used for experiments. B6N.129-Rpl22^tm1.1Psam/J (JAX# 011029) were acquired from the Jackson Laboratory and bred with Aldh1l1-cre/ERT2 mice (Srinivasan et al., 2016 (link)) (N3 backcrossed to C57Bl/6N (from Taconic) from an in-house colony; hemizygous transgenic heterozygous knock-in mice were used for RNA-Seq experiments.

Chai H., Diaz-Castro B., Shigetomi E., Monte E., Octeau J.C., Yu X., Cohn W., Rajendran P.S., Vondriska T.M., Whitelegge J.P., Coppola G, & Khakh B.S. (2017). Neural circuit-specialized astrocytes: transcriptomic, proteomic, morphological and functional evidence. Neuron, 95(3), 531-549.e9.

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Characterization of TH-eGFP Transgenic Mice

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Male mice ages 3–5 weeks were used in these experiments in accordance with animal use protocol approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee of Vanderbilt University. All experiments were carried out in strict accordance with the recommendations in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (NIH Publications No. 8023). Mice were group housed in the Vanderbilt vivarium under a 12 hour light/dark cycle with food and water ad libitum. All mice were obtained from a transgenic mouse line (Strain Name: STOCK Tg(Th-EGFP)DJ76Gsat/Mmnc). Mating pairs of mice were initially obtained from the Mutant Mouse Regional Resource Center in North Carolina. In this mouse line, the genome was modified to contain multiple copies of a modified BAC in which an eGFP reporter gene was inserted immediately upstream of the coding sequence of the gene for TH. Data presented here were obtained from two lineages of transgenic mice maintained in-house, one derived by cross-breeding with Swiss Webster mice (Taconic), and the other by cross-breeding with C57/B6 mice (Jackson Laboratories). The characterization of basal electrophysiology properties was performed in mice with the Swiss Webster background. The remainder of the electrophysiology studies and the immunohistochemistry were performed in TH-eGFP mice that were backcrossed with C57/B6 mice for many generations.

Williams M.A., Li C., Kash T.L., Matthews R.T, & Winder D.G. (2014). Excitatory drive onto dopaminergic neurons in the rostral linear nucleus is enhanced by norepinephrine in an α1 adrenergic receptor-dependent manner. Neuropharmacology, 86, 116-124.

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Murine Models for Immunological Studies

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Swiss-Webster mice were obtained from Taconic (Germantown, NY). BALB/c, CBA/J, and BALB/c-background SCID mice were from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, ME). BALB/c-background Prf1^−/− mice (30 (link)) were originally provided by John T. Harty and were bred in our animal facility. Age-matched female mice were used for all the studies. Mice were housed in a pathogen-free environment, and experimental procedures were performed in sterile settings. There were 3 to 5 mice in each experimental group. All animal procedures were approved by our Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Lutshumba J., Ochiai E., Sa Q., Anand N, & Suzuki Y. (2020). Selective Upregulation of Transcripts for Six Molecules Related to T Cell Costimulation and Phagocyte Recruitment and Activation among 734 Immunity-Related Genes in the Brain during Perforin-Dependent, CD8+ T Cell-Mediated Elimination of Toxoplasma gondii Cysts. mSystems, 5(2), e00189-20.

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Generating CD11b-Specific IFN-γ Transgenic Mice

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Female BALB/c, RAG1^−/−, IFN-γ^−/−, SCID, and (C57BL/6 × SJL)F1 hybrid mice were from the Jackson Laboratories and Swiss-Webster mice were from Taconic. RAG1^−/−IFN-γ^−/− mice were generated by mating RAG1^−/− with IFN-γ^−/− animals. For generation of a transgenic mouse strain that produces IFN-γ only in CD11b-expressing cells, the pCD11b-IFN-γ transgene (Fig. 2B) was constructed by placing IFN-γ coding sequence under control of the CD11b promoter by modifying a CD11b-Thy1.1 construct (5 (link)) kindly provided by Dr. Daniel Tenen of Harvard Medical School. After confirming the activity of pCD11b-IFN-γ to induce production of IFN-γ only in CD11b⁺ cells by transfecting CD11b⁺ (J774) and CD11b⁻ (COS7) cells in vitro (Supplemental Table I), pCD11b-IFN-γ transgene was microinjected into zygotes from (C57BL/6 × SJL)F1 hybrid animals. Pups carrying the transgene identified by PCR (Fig. 2C) were mated to (C57BL/6 × SJL)F1, backcrossed to BALB/c mice 6 times, and then mated with IFN-γ^−/− mice to generate animals that express this cytokine only by CD11b⁺ cells (CD11b only-IFN-γ mice). Experimental procedures were performed in accordance with approved protocols from the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee.

Sa Q., Ochiai E., Tiwari A., Perkins S., Mullins J., Gehman M., Huckle W., Eyestone W.H., Saunders T.L., Shelton B.J, & Suzuki Y. (2015). Cutting Edge: IFN-γ Produced by Brain-Resident Cells Is Crucial to Control Cerebral Infection with Toxoplasma gondii. Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 195(3), 796-800.

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Comparison of Germ-free and Conventional Mice

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Germ-free (GF) and conventionally raised (CONV-R) Swiss Webster mice were obtained from Taconic (Taconic #SW) and thereafter bred in-house. GF mice were maintained and bred in plastic film isolators and sterility was assessed by PCR. CONV-R mice were housed in a specific pathogen free environment. All mice had free access to autoclaved rodent chow diet (Lab diet #5010) and water ad libitum. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Experiments Inspectorate under the Danish Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Fisheries and were performed according to the institutional guidelines at University of Copenhagen, Denmark in a fully AAALAC accredited facility. The mice used in experiments were male and between 7 and 14 weeks when used. The specific ages in the individual experiments are indicated in the description of each experiment below.

Mikkelsen R.B., Arora T., Trošt K., Dmytriyeva O., Jensen S.K., Meijnikman A.S., Olofsson L.E., Lappa D., Aydin Ö., Nielsen J., Gerdes V., Moritz T., van de Laar A., de Brauw M., Nieuwdorp M., Hjorth S.A., Schwartz T.W, & Bäckhed F. (2022). Type 2 diabetes is associated with increased circulating levels of 3-hydroxydecanoate activating GPR84 and neutrophil migration. iScience, 25(12), 105683.

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In Utero Electroporation of Fluorescent Calcium Indicators

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Embryonic day (E) 15.5 timed-pregnant female Swiss Webster mice (Taconic) were deeply anesthetized with 2% isoflurane. Uterine horns were exposed and periodically rinsed with warm sterile phosphate buffered saline (PBS). A plasmid encoding GCaMP6f or SomaGCaMP6f variants under control of CAG promoter at final concentration 1–2 μg/μl diluted with PBS was injected into the lateral ventricle of the right cerebral hemisphere. Five voltage pulses (40 V, 50 ms duration, 1 Hz) were delivered using 5 mm round plate electrodes (ECM™ 830 Electroporation Generator, Harvard Apparatus). Injected embryos were placed back into the dam, and allowed to mature to delivery. All experimental manipulations were performed in accordance with protocols approved by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Committee on Animal Care and were in accordance with the National Institutes of Health Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.

Shemesh O.A., Linghu C., Piatkevich K.D., Goodwin D., Celiker O.T., Gritton H.J., Romano M.F., Gao R., Yu C.C., Tseng H.A., Bensussen S., Narayan S., Yang C.T., Freifeld L., Siciliano C.A., Gupta I., Wang J., Pak N., Yoon Y.G., Ullmann J.F., Guner-Ataman B., Noamany H., Sheinkopf Z.R., Park W.M., Asano S., Keating A.E., Trimmer J.S., Reimer J., Tolias A.S., Bear M.F., Tye K.M., Han X., Ahrens M.B, & Boyden E.S. (2020). Precision calcium imaging of dense neural populations via a cell body-targeted calcium indicator. Neuron, 107(3), 470-486.e11.

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