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5 protocols using cl8942ap

1

Histological Analysis of Explanted Islet Grafts

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Formalin-fixed explanted grafts were embedded in paraffin and sectioned at 5–10 µm thickness. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stained sections were imaged using a Leica optical microscope. For immunofluorescence, cells were stained with DAPI (1:10,000, Invitrogen, D1306) and antibodies specific for insulin (1:100, Dako, cat A0564), glucagon (1:250, Biogenex, cat PU039-UP), Mac-2 (1:100, Cederlane, cat CL8942AP), CD31 (1:20, Abcam, cat AB28364), and α-SMA (1:200, Sigma, cat C6198), and images were acquired using a Leica SP5 confocal microscope. For quantification of islet composition in explanted grafts, the percentage of glucagon+ cells (α cells) and of insulin+ cells (β cells) was quantified in each NC or encapsulated islet using ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD).
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2

Immunofluorescent Staining of Aortic Root Tissues

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Aortic root tissue sections described in 2.6.4 were stained with immunofluorescent antibodies as described previously [2 (link)]. For apoptosis within plaques, Millipore Sigma In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit TMR red (Cat # 12156792910) was used with kit instructions with the following modifications: After proteinase K incubation, tissues were blocked with 10% horse serum in PBS with 1% BSA and subsequently incubated with anti-MAC2 conjugated with Alexa Fluor 488 (Biolegend 125410)for 2 h. The rest of the kit protocol was followed. Primary antibodies: Rat-anti-Mac2 antibody (1:100) (Accurate Chem. CL8942AP)), Rabbit-anti-smooth muscle heavy chain II (1:400) (Abcam ab53219), and donkey-anti-smooth muscle actin-Cy3 (1:200) (Sigma Aldrich C6198)). Secondary antibodies: Alexa Fluor® 647 donkey anti-rabbit IgG (A31573) and Alexa Fluor® 488 donkey anti-rat IgG (A21208) purchased from Life Technologies.
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3

Immunohistochemical Profiling of Immune Cells

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Tissues were fixed in 10% neutral-buffered formalin and embedded in paraffin. Sections were stained with H&E. IHC was performed using anti-F4/80 (Abcam, ab6640), anti-Mac2 (Cedarlane, CL8942AP), anti–CSF-1R (Abcam, ab215441), anti-CD45R (BD Biosciences, 550286), anti-MPO (Abcam, ab9535), and anti-EPX (Biorbyt, orb5168) antibodies, and the antigen-antibody binding was detected using Simple Stain MAX PO (Nichirei) and the DAB Substrate Kit (Nichirei).
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4

Multiparametric Immunohistochemistry Analysis

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BCA sections were de-paraffinized and rehydrated in xylene and ethanol series. After antigen retrieval (H-3300, Vector Laboratories), sections were blocked with fish skin gelatin–PBS (6 g/L) containing 10% horse serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Slides were incubated with the following antibodies: mouse monoclonal SM α-actin-FITC (ACTA2) (4.4 μg/mL, clone 1A4, Sigma Aldrich), goat polyclonal anti-GFP (4 μg/mL, ab6673, Abcam) for detection of YFP, LGALS3 (2 μg/mL, Cedarlane CL8942AP), RUNX2 (1.374 μg/mL, ab192256, Abcam), Ki67 (4 μg/mL, ab15580, Abcam), PECAM-1 (1 μg/mL, Santa Cruz), IRAK phosphor-T209 (4 μg/mL, Abcam), iNOS (0.52 μg/mL, ab15323, Abcam), and Arg1 (9.2 μg/mL, GTX109242, GeneTex). The secondary antibodies were donkey anti-rat conjugated to Alexa 555 (5 μg/mL, Abcam), donkey anti-rat conjugated to Alexa 647 (5 μg/mL, Abcam), donkey anti-goat conjugated to Alexa 555 (5 μg/mL, Invitrogen), and donkey anti-goat conjugated to Alexa 647 (4 μg/mL, Invitrogen). Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL (CF488A, Biotium) and cleaved caspase 3 staining (0.84 ug/mL, ab9661, Cell Signaling Technology). IL-1β antibody was detected using a donkey anti-mouse IgG2a-Alexa 488 antibody. DAPI (0.05 mg/mL, D3571, ThermoFisher Scientific) was used as a nuclear counterstain and slides were mounted using Prolong Gold Antifade (Invitrogen).
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5

Multiparametric Immunohistochemistry Analysis

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BCA sections were de-paraffinized and rehydrated in xylene and ethanol series. After antigen retrieval (H-3300, Vector Laboratories), sections were blocked with fish skin gelatin–PBS (6 g/L) containing 10% horse serum for 1 hour at room temperature. Slides were incubated with the following antibodies: mouse monoclonal SM α-actin-FITC (ACTA2) (4.4 μg/mL, clone 1A4, Sigma Aldrich), goat polyclonal anti-GFP (4 μg/mL, ab6673, Abcam) for detection of YFP, LGALS3 (2 μg/mL, Cedarlane CL8942AP), RUNX2 (1.374 μg/mL, ab192256, Abcam), Ki67 (4 μg/mL, ab15580, Abcam), PECAM-1 (1 μg/mL, Santa Cruz), IRAK phosphor-T209 (4 μg/mL, Abcam), iNOS (0.52 μg/mL, ab15323, Abcam), and Arg1 (9.2 μg/mL, GTX109242, GeneTex). The secondary antibodies were donkey anti-rat conjugated to Alexa 555 (5 μg/mL, Abcam), donkey anti-rat conjugated to Alexa 647 (5 μg/mL, Abcam), donkey anti-goat conjugated to Alexa 555 (5 μg/mL, Invitrogen), and donkey anti-goat conjugated to Alexa 647 (4 μg/mL, Invitrogen). Apoptosis was assessed by TUNEL (CF488A, Biotium) and cleaved caspase 3 staining (0.84 ug/mL, ab9661, Cell Signaling Technology). IL-1β antibody was detected using a donkey anti-mouse IgG2a-Alexa 488 antibody. DAPI (0.05 mg/mL, D3571, ThermoFisher Scientific) was used as a nuclear counterstain and slides were mounted using Prolong Gold Antifade (Invitrogen).
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