Isoproterenol hydrochloride powder

Male C57BL/6N mice (n = 6), aged ~ 20 weeks and weighing 27.2–31.1 g (Charles River Laboratories, Wilmington, MA, 01887) were acclimated for a minimum of 7 days prior to experimentation. Mice were co-housed in polycarbonate, solid-bottom cages in a temperature-controlled environment (22 ± 2 °C), an approximate 12-h light–dark cycle, with access to research diets standard pellet chow and reverse osmosis filtered water. Isoproterenol hydrochloride powder was purchased from Sigma Aldrich and was diluted with saline to achieve an injected dose concentration of 5 mg/kg (100 mg; lot#: SLBC2168V; St. Louis, MO).

Melatonin (5 mg tablet, Natrol Company, USA) and captopril (25 mg tablet, Smithkline Beecham, Giza, Egypt) were purchased. Isoproterenol hydrochloride powder was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, Cairo, Egypt. Thiopental Sodium (farcopental 0.5 gm/vial, Powder) was obtained from Sigmatec Pharmaceutical Industries, Egypt.

Benzohydrazide, 2,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde, silica gel, piperidine, methyl 3-oxobutanoate, acetic acid, ethyl acetate, hexane, ethanol, and isoproterenol hydrochloride powder were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, USA. Sintrom (4 mg tablets) was obtained from the laboratory of Novartis Pharma, Tunisia. The remaining chemicals used were of analytical grade.