Caki 1

HK-2, ACHN, and 7860 cell lines were purchased from American Type Culture Collection (Manassas, VA, USA). Caki-1, RenCa, and 293T cell lines were purchased from Korean Cell Line Bank (Seoul, Korea). HK-2 cells were cultured in Keratinocyte SFM medium (GIBCO, Carlsbad, CA, USA). Caki-1, ACHN, 786O, and RenCa cells were cultured in MEM (WELGENE, Gyeongsan-si, Korea), and 293T cells for lentiviral packaging were cultured in DMEM (WELGENE, Gyeongsan-si, Korea) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum at 37 °C under 5% CO₂. For gene silencing, control and PDLIM2 shRNA-expressing lentivirus infected and stable cell lines were established as previously described [15 (link)]. The oligonucleotide sequences for the PDLIM2 shRNA are listed in Supplementary Table S1. The FUGW-luc vector was obtained from the Molecular Imaging and Neurovascular Research Laboratory, Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea; FUGW-luciferase-expressing cells were produced as follows. The FUGW-luc vector was cut using the XhoI enzyme and transfected into the RenCa cell line (RenCa-GFP). The cells incorporated with FUGW-luc were sorted with the GFP channel in BD FACSAria II (BD Biosciences, Franklin Lakes, NJ, USA).

The human RCC cell lines Caki-1, A498, and ACHN were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (KCLB, Seoul, Korea). Each cell line was maintained in RPMI-1640 or DMEM (Sigma–Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS; Sigma–Aldrich) and 1% antibiotic–antimycotic (ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). All cells were cultured in an incubator designed to maintain a temperature of 37 °C and high humidity for the growth of tissue culture cells in a 5% CO₂ atmosphere.

In this study, we used two human CCRCC cell lines. Caki-1 and Caki-2 cells were purchased from the Korean Cell Line Bank (KCLB, Seoul, Korea). The Caki-1 and Caki-2 cells were cultured in DMEM medium with 10% fetal bovine serum (Gibco BRL, Gaithersburg, MD) and streptomycin and penicillin (100 U/ml) in 5% CO₂ and 37°C.