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Ampicillin

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Ampicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used in laboratory settings. It belongs to the penicillin class of antibiotics and is effective against a variety of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Ampicillin functions by inhibiting the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall, leading to cell death.

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Lab products found in correlation

Lipofectamine 3000, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (4 mentions) Isopropyl β d 1 thiogalactopyranoside (iptg), by Bio Basic (3 mentions) Chloramphenicol, by Bio Basic (2 mentions) Pcdh cmv mcs ef1 puro overexpression plasmid, by System Biosciences (2 mentions) One shot stbl3 chemically competent e coli, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Opti mem, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Lipofectamine rnaimax, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Sulfamethoxazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Quinine, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions) Trimethoprim, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Kanamycin sulfate, by Bio Basic (1 mentions) Zncl2, by Resonac (1 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Resonac (1 mentions) Erythromycin, by Bio Basic (1 mentions) Ciprofloxacin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hippuric acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Chloramphenicol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Tetracycline, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sarcosine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Imidazole, by Bio Basic (1 mentions)

12 protocols using ampicillin

1

CRISPR-Cas9 Editing in Kluyveromyces marxianus

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K. marxianus strain 4G5, which was isolated from kefir, was used as the host. Cells were maintained on YPG medium (1% BactoDifco-Yeast Extract, 1% BactoDifco-Peptone, and 2% Merck-galactose). For sample preparation, the cells were grown in 50 ml YPG, shaking at 250 rpm at 30 °C. Cas9-zeocin cassette transformation was conducted in YPG plate (YPG medium contains 1.5% Difco™-agar) with 200 μg/ml ZeocinTM (InvivoGen, Cat. #: ant-zn-5) for selection. 200 μg/ml Hygromycin B Gold (InvivoGen, Cat. #: ant-hg-1) was used for the transformation of gRNA cassettes.
E. coli DH5α (RBC, Cat. #: RH619-J80) was used as the host for propagation of recombinant plasmids. It was cultivated in Luria-Bertani (LB) complete medium plate (0.5% BactoDifco-Yeast Extract, 1% BactoDifco-Tryptone, 1% NaCl, 2.4% Difco™-agar, pH 7.0) at 37 °C, with supplementation of 100 μg/ml Ampicillin (Bio Basic Inc., Ampicillin, Sodium Salt, Cat. #: 69-52-3) for selection.
Lee M.H., Lin J.J., Lin Y.J., Chang J.J., Ke H.M., Fan W.L., Wang T.Y, & Li W.H. (2018). Genome-wide prediction of CRISPR/Cas9 targets in Kluyveromyces marxianus and its application to obtain a stable haploid strain. Scientific Reports, 8, 7305.
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2

Antimicrobial Agents and Materials

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Tetracycline (TCy) and chloramphenicol were purchased from EMD Millipore (Germany). Ampicillin, erythromycin, and kanamycin sulfate were purchased from Bio BasicInc. (USA). Vancomycin was purchased from Calbiochem (USA). Sulfamethoxazole, ciprofloxacin, trimethoprim, and hippuric acid were obtained from Sigma–Aldrich (Germany). Quinine was obtained from Alfa Aesar (USA). CaCl2.2H2O, ZnCl2, KCl, NaCl, and NH4Cl were purchased from Showa (Japan). Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, molecular weight = 58,000) was obtained from Acros Organics (USA). All reagents were reagent grade and were used without further purification. Ultrapure water prepared using a Milli-Q water system (Simplicity, Millipore) was used to prepare aqueous solutions.
Sudewi S., Chabib L., Zulfajri M., Gedda G, & Huang G.G. (2023). Polyvinylpyrrolidone-passivated fluorescent iron oxide quantum dots for turn-off detection of tetracycline in biological fluids. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis, 31(1), 177-193.
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3

Cloning and Protein Purification Protocol

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All chemicals were of analytical grade. Ampicillin, isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) and imidazole were obtained from Bio Basic Inc. (Markhem, ON, Canada). Sarcosine, Amplex Red (10-acetyl-3,7-dihydroxyphenoxazine) and HRP were ordered from Sigma-Aldrich (Saint Louis, MO, USA). H2O2and phenol were from MERCK (Darmstadt, Germany). Milli-Q system ultra-pure water was used in all experiments. Pfu DNA polymerase was obtained from Promega (Madison, WI, USA). Restriction endonucleases and T4 ligase were purchased from New England Biolabs, Inc. (Ipswich, MA, USA).
Yamkamon V., Phakdee B., Yainoy S., Suksrichawalit T., Tatanandana T., Sangkum P, & Eiamphungporn W. (2018). Development of sarcosine quantification in urine based on enzyme-coupled colorimetric method for prostate cancer diagnosis. EXCLI Journal, 17, 467-478.
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4

Bioactive Compounds from Thai Edible Plants

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Edible Thai plants, including CN, CM, MP, TT, KD, and PL, were collected from Chiang Rai and other Thai provinces. The leaves of these plants were washed with distilled water, ground into fine powder in liquid nitrogen using a stainless blender, and stored in a freezer at −20 °C until sample extraction. Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, Trolox, gallic acid, quercetin, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and streptomycin sulfate were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Nutrient broth and Mueller-Hinton broth (MHB) were purchased from HIMEDIA (Mumbai, India). Ampicillin and sodium chloride were purchased from Bio Basic (Markham, ON, Canada). Bacterial cultures were obtained from the Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research. All the chemicals were of analytical grade.
Junsathian P., Nakamura S., Katayama S, & Rawdkuen S. (2022). Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Thai Edible Plant Extracts Prepared Using Different Extraction Techniques. Molecules, 27(19), 6489.
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5

Expression and Purification of cHSPA6

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The ORF of cHSPA6 cloned on pET15 vector and expression host E. coli BL21 (DE3) pLysS were kindly provided by Elrobh et al. (2011) (link). IPTG and ampicillin were obtained from Biobasic. Benzonase was purchased from Sigma, Chicken egg lysozyme from USB Corporation. Superdex 75, Ni–NTA resin, low molecular weight markers and prepacked columns were from Amersham Biosciences. All other chemicals used in this study were of reagent grade. Ultrospec 2100 pro Spectrophotometer, AKTA purification system, SDS–PAGE assembly were from Amersham Biosciences. Thermomixer, electroporator and benchtop cooling centrifuge were from Eppendorf. Lamp sterilizer from Cole-Parmer, shaking incubator from Jeio Tech, South Korea, gel scanner from Epson and pH meter was from Sentron.
Malik A., Alsenaidy A.M., Elrobh M., Khan W., Alanazi M.S, & Bazzi M.D. (2015). Optimization of expression and purification of HSPA6 protein from Camelus dromedarius in E. coli. Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, 23(3), 410-419.
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6

Purification of Optineurin Protein

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The optineurin clone pDEST17-hOPTN was a gift from Jon Ashwell (Addgene plasmid #23053; http://n2t.net/addgene: 23053; RRID: Addgene_23053). The clone was transformed into the BL21-Gold (DE3) E. coli expression host. Cells were grown in LB media (HiMedia, India) containing 100 mM ampicillin (Biobasic Inc.) in an incubator shaker (New Brunswick™ Innova® 44/44R) at 37 °C till an OD600 of 0.6, following induction with 1 mM IPTG (Biobasic Inc.) cells were allowed to grow further for 16 hours, before harvesting. The protein expression was checked by boiling small culture aliquots in an SDS-loading buffer and running on 12% SDS-PAGE. The cells were harvested by centrifugation. The pellet was sonicated in lysis buffer (50 mM sodium phosphate, 300 mM NaCl, and 10 mM imidazole, pH 8.0). The 6× His-tagged OPTN was purified under native conditions using Ni-NTA affinity chromatography. Washing and elution were done with imidazole concentrations ranging from 50–500 mM. Eluted fractions showing OPTN band on SDS-PAGE were pooled and dialyzed against 50 mM sodium phosphate and 50 mM NaCl, pH 8.0. Dialysed sample was concentrated using a 30 kDa cut-off centricon and stored at −80 °C freezer until further use.
Dixit A., Chakraborty A., Nath J.R., Chowdhury P.K, & Kundu B. (2023). Ocular protein optineurin shows reversibility from unfolded states and exhibits chaperone-like activity. RSC Advances, 13(10), 6827-6837.
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7

Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Antibacterial Synthesis

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Zinc oxide nanoparticles with size <100 nm, phosphate buffer saline (PBS), 10 X, and glutaraldehyde were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich, United States of America. The antibiotics chloramphenicol and ampicillin were purchased from Bio Basic Inc., Canada. The bacterial culture medium Luria Bertani (LB) was purchased from Laboratories CONDA, Spain.
Djearamane S., Loh Z.C., Lee J.J., Wong L.S., Rajamani R., Luque P.A., Gupta P.K, & Liang S.X. (2022). Remedial Aspect of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Against Serratia Marcescens and Enterococcus Faecalis. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 13, 891304.
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8

Overexpression of lncRNA HOTAIR

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HOTAIR was amplified by PCR with NEBNext High-Fidelity 2× PCR Master Mix (New England BioLabs) and subsequently cloned into the pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-Puro overexpression plasmid (System Biosciences) using restriction enzymes NheI (New England BioLabs) and NotI (New England BioLabs). Plasmids were amplified in One Shot Stbl3 chemically competent E. coli (Thermo Fisher Scientific) with ampicillin (Bio Basic Canada, Inc.) selection. Plasmids were transiently transfected using Lipofectamine 3000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific) according to the manufacturer's instructions.
Zhang L., He A., Chen B., Bi J., Chen J., Guo D., Qian Y., Wang W., Shi T., Zhao Z., Shi J., An W., Attenello F, & Lu W. (2020). A HOTAIR regulatory element modulates glioma cell sensitivity to temozolomide through long-range regulation of multiple target genes. Genome Research, 30(2), 155-163.
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9

Spectroscopic Monitoring of Antibiotic-Nanoparticle Interactions

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A final concentration of 100 nM of amikacin, kanamycin, tobramycin (AK Scientific) neomycin B (TCI America) and ampicillin (Bio Basic Canada) was prepared in 50 mM Tris buffer at pH 8.0. 20 nm Au-DTNB nanoparticles were added in a 1:1 ratio to a volume of 1 mL in a plastic cuvette. The extinction spectrum was analysed between 200 nm and 800 nm using a Cary UV Spectrophotometer every minute for a total of 20 minutes. A control sample was analysed by adding Tris buffer to the conjugated nanoparticles, and the spectrum was compared to the final spectra taken for the antibiotic samples.
McKeating K.S., Couture M., Dinel M.P., Garneau-Tsodikova S, & Masson J.F. (2016). High Throughput LSPR and SERS Analysis of Aminoglycoside Antibiotics. The Analyst, 141(17), 5120-5126.
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10

Characterization of Marine Bacterial Cellulases

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Unless otherwise stated, the chemicals were of analytical and molecular grade, and were purchased from Merck KGaA (Darmstadt, Germany). Marine broth was purchased from Condalab (Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid, Spain). Marine agar was prepared by solidifying marine broth with 1.5% (w/v) V-agar (Condalab). Ampicillin, penicillin G, and chloramphenicol were obtained from BioBasic (Amherst, NY, USA), Amresco (Solon, OH, USA), and Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA), respectively. Kanamycin sulphate and tetracycline hydrochloride were purchased from Calbiochem (San Diego, CA, USA). High-grade (≥98% purity) cellobiose, cellotriose, p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside (pNPG), and β-glucan from barley were obtained from Megazyme (County Wicklow, Ireland, UK).
Radzlin N., Yaakop A.S., Goh K.M., Liew K.J., Zakaria I.I, & Kahar U.M. (2022). Genome Analysis of Celeribacter sp. PS-C1 Isolated from Sekinchan Beach in Selangor, Malaysia, Reveals Its β-Glucosidase and Licheninase Activities. Microorganisms, 10(2), 410.
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