Icp oes optima 2000 dv

pH (SIST ISO 10523:2008; pH/Conductivity meter SevenMulti, Mettler Toledo), Eh (SIST DIN 38404-6:2000; T 90-MB, Mettler Toledo), EC (SIST EN 27888:1998; pH/Conductivity meter SevenMulti, Mettler Toledo) and Cr(VI) concentrations (SIST ISO 11083:1996; Cary 1E (UV VIS), Varian) were determined in all of the batch leachate and pH-dependent leachate samples. The metals were analysed by either ICP-MS (SIST EN ISO 17294-2, 2005; Agilent 7500ce, Agilent Technologies Inc.) or ICP-OES (ISO 11885:2007, ICP-OES OPTIMA 2000 DV, Perkin Elmer). Additionally, the anion content (Cl⁻, F⁻, SO₄²⁻, NO₃⁻) (ISO 10304-1:2007; IC, 761 COMPACT IC, Metrohm) and DOC (SIST ISO 8245:2000; Multi N/C 2100 S (CHD), Analytik Jena)) were determined.

Minerals and heavy metals content in raw and cooked FWME muscles were determined by using an ICP‐OES optima 2000 DV (Perkin Elmer) equipped with winLab32 software. The instrument's operational conditions were maintained as described previously (Kumaravel & Alagusundaram, 2014) with some modifications. Samples were prepared by a two‐step method. In the first step, samples were kept at 550°C overnight and were wholly converted to ashes. In the second step, 10 ml of digestion solution (a mixture of HNO₃ and H₂O₂; 4:1) was mixed with 0.5 g ashed sample in a glass tube and heated at 200°C until the complete digestion of organic matter. This was indicated by the translucent and ending brownish smoke. Then, the tubes were cooled at room temperature and the digested samples were placed in a 50 ml volumetric flask accomplishing ash‐free filter paper (Whatman No. 1, Kent, England). Deionized distilled water was added to make the volume of the solution 50 ml and kept cool (4°C) until analysis. The minerals and heavy metals concentrations were measured in mg/100 g muscle wet weight basis.