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Maverick

Manufactured by Boston Scientific
Sourced in United States

The Maverick is a lab equipment product designed for performing various scientific and medical procedures. It serves as a versatile and reliable tool for researchers and medical professionals. The core function of the Maverick is to provide a sturdy and precise platform for conducting laboratory tasks, but a detailed description cannot be provided while maintaining an unbiased and factual approach.

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7 protocols using maverick

1

Myocardial Infarction Induction via LCX Occlusion

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In animals assigned to the reperfused group (n = 7), a 2.0–2.5 mm angioplasty balloon (Maverick, Boston Scientific, Natick MA, USA) was introduced over a coronary guide wire into the left circumflex (LCX) coronary artery. After determining the proper balloon position for the occlusion, the balloon catheter was inflated and left in position for 90 min to induce MI. After 90 min of ischaemia the balloon was deflated and removed, and coronary angiography was repeated to confirm recanalisation. The femoral artery was decannulated and surgically ligated, and the wound was closed.
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2

Porcine Model of Myocardial Ischemia

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All procedures were performed with the approval of the local Experimental Animal Care Committee (EK SOI/31/26-11/2014) of the University of Kaposvar, Hungary, conforming to the
Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals published by the US National Institute of Health (NIH Publication No. 85–23, revised 1996). All animal experiments were conducted at the institute of diagnostic imaging and radiation oncology, University of Kaposvar.
Female domestic pigs received 12mg/kg ketamine, 1mg/kg xylazine and 0.04mg/kg atropine as anaesthesia. The anaesthesia was deepened via mask maintaining 1.5–2.5 vol % isofluran, 1.6–1.8 vol % O
2 and 0.5 vol % N
2O. In total, 200IU/kg of heparin was administrated via the right femoral artery, and selective angiography of LAD arteries was performed prior to induction of myocardial ischemia (MI). MI was induced by 90min balloon occlusion (3.0mm ø, 15mm length, 5atm; Maverick, Boston Scientific, MA, USA) at the mid-part of the LAD artery following balloon deflation. The % O
2 saturation, blood pressure and electrocardiogram were continuously measured during the intervention.
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3

Autologous BM-MSC Delivery for Myocardial Infarction

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The injection route of the BM-MSCs has been described elsewhere [16 (link)]. The packed final product of clinical-grade autologous BM-MSC (7.2 ± 0.90 × 107 cells) was gently transferred into the infusion syringe and mixed to minimize cell aggregation before infusion into the LAD via the central lumen of an over-the-wire balloon catheter (Maverick®, Boston Scientific, Natick, MA, USA). To allow the maximum contact time of the BM-MSC with micro-circulation of the LAD infarction territory, the balloon was inflated inside the stent at a low pressure to transiently interrupt antegrade blood flow during the infusions. The entire cell injection was done during three transient occlusions, each lasting 2 to 3 min. Between occlusions, the coronary artery was re-perfused for 3 min. After cell injection, close observation identified clinical changes and/or possible complications. Cardiac enzyme and electrocardiography measurements were repeated to assess periprocedural myocardial infarction (MI). The mean duration of autologous BM-MSC culture from BM aspiration to intracoronary injection was 25.0 ± 2.4 days.
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4

Rabbit Iliac Artery Endothelial Denudation and Stent Implantation

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New Zealand White adult rabbits underwent endothelial denudation of both iliac arteries using an angioplasty balloon catheter (Maverick, 3.0 × 12 mm, Boston Scientific, Boston, MA). Subsequently, 3.0 × 12 mm everolimus-eluting stent (EES) (Xience V, Abbott Vascular, Santa Clara, CA), sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) (Cypher, Cordis Corporation, Bridgewater, NJ) or 3.0 × 12 mm bare metal stent with an identical strut backbone to EES (BMS) (Multi-link Vision, Abbott Vascular) were deployed at a target stent-to-artery diameter ratio of 1.3:1 in each iliac artery, respectively. Each rabbit was randomized for BMS and DES (SES, EES) placement in each iliac artery in a 1:1:1 distribution resulting in an equal number of arterial stenting for each stent type. Stented arteries were harvested at 28 days as previously described.22 (link) Confocal light microscopy (LM) was used to assess stent morphometry and histology. The extent of arterial injury at the site of stent struts was graded by the method of Schwartz et al.23 (link)En face scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to assess stent endothelialization. See online supplemental materials for further details.
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5

Transient Hindlimb Hypoperfusion in Rats

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An over the wire 2.0 mm angioplasty balloon (Maverick™, Boston Scientific, Marlborough, MA) was placed in the descending aorta over a guide wire in three rats, distal to the origin of the renal arteries via contralateral femoral access. The balloon was inflated to occlude blood supply to the hindlimb for 5 minutes, to reproduce a similar duration of transient hindlimb microvascular hypoperfusion observed after 2 minutes of the long pulse ultrasound. Balloon placement was performed by an experienced interventional cardiologist (JP) and guided by angiography (ARCADIS Avantic, Siemens, Malvern, PA). Total occlusion of blood flow was confirmed by continuous CEUS imaging and angiography. Imaging microbubbles (Definity™) were infused using a jugular vein access. Upon release, burst replenishment imaging was performed at discrete timepoints over 15 min (see Figure 4). Three rats were studied in this substudy.
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6

Percutaneous Closed-Chest Reperfused MI

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Acute, reperfused MI was induced using a percutaneous, closed-chest procedure (19 (link),20 (link)). A 6-F guiding catheter (Cordis Corporation, Miami Lakes, Florida) was advanced into the left main coronary artery under fluoroscopic guidance. An appropriately sized balloon angioplasty catheter (Maverick, 3.0 to 4.0 mm, Boston Scientific Corporation, Natick, Massachusetts) was inflated distal to the first angiographically visible branch of the left circumflex coronary artery for 2 h. To minimize the occurrence of lethal arrhythmias, all animals were pre-treated with a bolus of amiodarone (5 mg/kg, intravenous) and lidocaine (1.5 mg/kg, intravenous), and both drugs were continuously infused intravenously (amiodarone, 0.04 mg/kg/min; lidocaine, 0.05 mg/kg/min) during coronary artery occlusion and 10 min into the reperfusion period. In the case of ventricular fibrillation, biphasic defibrillation was used.
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7

Porcine Model of Acute Myocardial Infarction

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All animal studies were approved by the local Experimental Animal Care Committee of University of Kaposvar, Hungary where the experiments were performed (EC 246/002/SOM2006, MAB-28-2005). The experiments conform to the “Position of the American Heart Association on Research.”
Closed-chest, acute reperfused MI was induced in 39 female domestic pigs (23 ± 3 kg) by percutaneous catheter-based balloon occlusion of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), as described previously (Gyongyosi et al., 2011 (link)). Briefly, after direct puncture of the right femoral artery and administration of 200 IU/kg of heparin, a 90-min percutaneous balloon (3.0 mm in diameter × 15 mm long, Maverick, Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, MA, USA) occlusion (5 atm) of the mid LAD, beyond the origin of the second major diagonal branch was performed. The complete occlusion of the artery distal to the balloon was confirmed by angiography. After a 90-min LAD occlusion, the balloon was deflated slowly to allow reperfusion. The puncture site was then closed with Angioseal (St. Jude Medical, St. Paul, MN, USA), and the pigs were allowed to recover.
One-week (8 ± 2 days) post-MI, the pigs were randomized to receive either IC infusion or 3D NOGA-guided percutaneous intramyocardial injections of the GFP-Luc-MSC. The study design with different follow-ups (FUPs) is shown in Figure 1.
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