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13 protocols using ab14683

1

Western blot analysis of IGF1R pathway

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After extracting total proteins with RIPA Lysis Buffer (Beyotime), the same amount of protein was separated by 10% SDS-PAGE gel and then transferred onto PVDF membranes (Invitrogen). The membrane was incubated with anti-IGF1R (1:1,000, ab263907, Abcam), anti-p-AKT (1:25,000, ab81283, Abcam), anti-AKT (1:500, ab8805, Abcam), anti-cyclin D1 (1:200, ab16663, Abcam), anti-GLUT1 (1:2,500, ab14683, Abcam), anti-YTHDC2 (1:1,000, ab220160, Abcam), or anti-β-actin (1:5,000, ab8226, Abcam) followed by hatching with Goat anti-Rabbit (1:50,000, ab205718, Abcam) or Goat-anti-Mouse (1:5,000, ab205719, Abcam). Protein signals were visualized with the BeyoECL Plus Kit (Beyotime).
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2

Immunohistochemical and Immunofluorescence Analysis of Tumor Markers

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Tumor tissues were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde and then sectioned into 4 μm of sections. IHC was performed according to protocols of the manufacturor. The sections were incubated with rabbit anti-MMP2, MMP9, p-ATM, GLUT1, PKM2 and TGFβ1 polyclonal antibody (1:200, Bioworld) overnight at 4 °C. Then, the sections were sequentially incubated with polyperoxidase-anti-rabbit IgG (ZSBiO) for 30 min at 37 °C, then stained with diaminobenizidine.
Immunofluorescence staining was done following the standard protocol as described previously [16 ]. The primary antibodies specifically against FN (ab23750, abcam,1:200), α-SMA (ab5694, abcam,1:200), ATM (ab47575, abcam, 1:200), p-ATM (ab19304, abcam, 1:200), γH2AX (5883, CST, 1:200), 53BP1 (ab175933, abcam, 1:200), GLUT1 (ab14683, abcam, 1:200), PKM2 (sc365684, Santa Cruz, 1:150) were used. Normal rabbit IgG was the negative control. IHC and IF images were captured using a Nikon Eclipse 80i microscope (Tokyo, Japan).
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3

Western Blotting Analysis of Cellular Proteins

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Western blotting analysis was performed as described previously [11 (link)]. Briefly, total cell proteins were obtained using RIPA lysis buffer (P0013B, Beyotime, China), quantified with the BCA protein assay kit (P0012, Beyotime). 50 μg of total proteins were separately electrophoresed in 8%–12% SDS-PAGE gel, subsequently incubated with appropriate primary antibodies as followings: FN (ab23750, abcam,1:1000), FAP (ab53066, abcam,1:1000), α-SMA (ab5694, abcam,1:1000), ATM (2873, CST, 1:1000), p-ATM (5883, CST, 1:1000), γH2AX (9718, CST, 1:1000), CHK2-T68 (ab32148, abcam, 1:1000), Na+/K+ ATPase (ab58457, abcam, 1:800), Hsp90 (ab13492, abcam, 1:800), AKT (4685, CST, 1:1000), p-AKT (12694 s, CST, 1:1000), GLUT1 (ab14683, abcam, 1:500), p-ST/Q (6966 s, CST, 1:1000), PKM2 (sc365684, Santa Cruz, 1:500), MCT4 (ab74109,1:1000), MCT1 (ab90582,1:1000) TGFβ1 (ab675195, abcam, 1:1000), P38 (bs4635, bioworld, 1:1000), p-P38 (bs3566, bioworld, 1:1000), MMP2 (ab92538, abcam, 1:800), and MMP9 (ab76003, abcam, 1:800), GLUT3 (ab41525,1:800), HK2 (ab104836,1:800), HPI (ab86950,1:1000), LDHA (ab101562,1:1000). The appropriate horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated anti-mouse or rabbit IgG (ZSGBBIO, China) was used as secondary antibodies. The protein bands were visualized using the enhanced chemiluminescence system (Amersham Pharmacia Biotech, Tokyo, Japan).
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4

Protein Extraction and Western Blot Analysis

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The standard protocol was used to extract proteins and perform Western-blot assays as previously described [37 (link)]. Antibodies against Glut1 (ab14683, Abcam; 1:1,000), anti-LIF (AF-250-NA, R & D; 1:1000), anti-Na/K ATPase (ab58479, Abcam, 1:2,000), anti-p-AKT (4051, Cell Signaling; 1:2,000), anti-AKT (SC-1618, Santa Cruz; 1:2,000), and anti-β-actin (A5441, Sigma; 1:125,000) were used in this study.
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5

Quantitative Protein Expression Analysis

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Cells in each group were lysed with RIPA lysate, and protein concentrations were detected by a BCA kit. The protein was separated by SDS‐PAGE and transferred to a PVDF membrane. The membrane was blocked at room temperature for 1 h and incubated overnight at 4°C with anti‐GLUT1 (ab14683, 1:100, Abcam), LDHA (ab47010, 1:100, Abcam), Ki67 (ab15580, 1:100, Abcam), MMP‐2 (ab92536, 1:100, Abcam), MMP‐9 (ab283575, 1:100, Abcam), and GAPDH (ab8245, 1:100, Abcam). Wash the membrane twice the next day, add diluted enzyme‐labeled secondary antibody, and incubate at room temperature for 1 h. The chemiluminescence reagent was added to develop the protein, and the image was collected in the gel imaging system. The protein level was analyzed by Image J software. GAPDH was used as the internal reference to calculate the relative expression of the protein.
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6

Immunolabeling of Tissue Sections

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Sections were air-dried overnight at room temperature, followed by rehydration with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS; Sigma). The sections were incubated for 1.5 h in a blocking buffer containing 10% normal goat serum (Vector laboratories, Newark, CA, USA) diluted in PBST (PBS with 0.1% Triton X-100). For immunofluorescent labelling, the slides were incubated overnight at 4 °C in related primary antibodies (rabbit-anti-IBA1 1:200, 019-19741, WAKO; mouse-anti-ED1 1:100, MCA341GA, Bio-Rad; rabbit-anti-HIF1a 1:100, ab82832, Abcam; rabbit-anti-pimonidazole 1:200, HP3-1000, HPI Inc.; rabbit-anti-GLUT1 1:100, ab14683, Abcam; rabbit-anti-iNOS 1:100, PA1-036, Invitrogen; mouse-anti-3NT 1:100, ab61392, Abcam) diluted in a blocking buffer and then for 1 h in corresponding secondary antibodies diluted 1:200 (AlexFluor546-conjugated goat-anti-rabbit IgG, A11035; AlexFluor488-conjugated goat-anti-mouse IgG, A11001; Invitrogen), before being mounted with a DAPI-containing mounting medium (Biotium, Fremont, CA, USA). For labelling by immunohistochemistry, biotin-conjugated secondary antibodies (goat-anti-rabbit, BA1000, Vector laboratories) were used, and the slides were incubated in a biotin-streptavidin amplification solution (ABC kit; Vector laboratories) for 1 h, followed by a diaminobenzidine (DAB; Vector laboratories) reaction.
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7

Immunohistochemical Analysis of GLUT-1 and HIF-1α in Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma

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The expression of GLUT-1 and HIF-1 was detected by immunohistochemistry in 55 cases of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma, and 20 cases of vocal cord polyps. Paraffin wax blocks of formalin-fixed biopsies specimens were obtained from the predominant lesions in each subject. Serial sections (4 µm) subjected to immunohistological staining were fixed with 3% H2O2 to block endogenous peroxidase activity, and treated with antigen retrieval solution for 15 min. The sections were incubated with primary monoclonal anti-GLUT-1 (dilution, 1:100; catalog no., ab14683; Abcam, Cambridge, UK) or monoclonal anti-HIF-1α (dilution, 1:200; catalog no., ab51608; Abcam) antibody for 30 min at 36−38 °C, followed by incubation with a secondary antibody (K5007, Dako) for 15 min at 20−25 °C. The final reaction product was developed by exposure to 0.03% diaminobenzidine, and the nuclei were counterstained with hematoxylin.
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8

Protein Extraction from Cancer Cells

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The protein extraction protocol from cancer cells was previously reported [30 (link)]. Briefly, cells were collected and lysed using Radio Immunoprecipitation Assay (RIPA) protein extraction reagent (Beyotime) with a protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, IN, USA). Equal amounts of protein lysate were quantified using BCA kit (Thermo Fisher, USA), separated by 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel (SDS–PAGE) electrophoresis, and transferred onto a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membrane (Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). The membrane was then sealed with 5% non-fat milk for 1 hour, and incubated with primary antibodies (Abcam, Cambridge, UK) against: FUS (ab84078, 1/1000), SLC10A1 (ab131084, 1/1000), β-actin (ab8227, 1/1000), GLUT1 (ab14683, 1/2500), HK2 (ab227198, 1/5000), LDHA (ab47010, 1/1000), PGK1 (ab154613, 1/1000) overnight at 4°C, with GAPDH (ab9485, 1/2500) as control. After washing, the membrane was incubated with goat anti-rabbit secondary antibody (ab96899, 1/1000, Abcam, Cambridge, UK) at 37°C for 1 hour. The protein bands were finally detected using enhanced chemiluminescence reagents (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA) according to manufacturer's instructions.
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9

Western Blot Analysis of Metabolic Proteins

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Proteins were extracted with RIPA buffer (Beyotime). Then, the proteins were separated via electrophoresis using SDS-PAGE gels and then transferred onto PVDF membranes. After blocking, membranes were incubated with primary antibody and HRP-labeled secondary antibody. Then, protein signals were visualized using an ECL reagent (Solarbio, Beijing, China). All antibodies are listed as below: anti-LDHA (1:2000, ab125683, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), anti-GLUT1 (1:2500, ab14683, Abcam), anti-HK2 (1:1000, ab209847, Abcam), anti-c-Myc (1:1000, ab32072, Abcam), anti-HIPK2 (1:1000, 55408–1-AP, Proteintech, Rosemont, IL, USA), anti-CD61 (1:1000, 25682–1-AP, Proteintech), anti-CD81 (1:6000, 66866–1-Ig, Proteintech), anti-TSG101 (1:5000, 28283–1-AP, Proteintech), anti-GM130 (1:5000, 11308–1-AP, Proteintech), anti-β-actin (1:1000, ab8227, Abcam), Goat anti-rabbit IgG (1:50,000, ab205718, Abcam) and Goat anti-mouse IgG (1:10,000, ab6789, Abcam).
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10

Osteoclast Protein Expression Analysis

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Osteoclasts were sonicated in lysis buffer (6.2 M urea, 10% glycerol, 5 mM dithiothreitol, 1% sodium dodecyl sulphate, protease inhibitors) before cell extract was separated by 8% SDS-PAGE and transferred onto a PVDF membrane. Membranes were probed with primary antibodies specific for HIF-1α (clone 54, 1:1000; BD Biosciences, Oxford, UK), GLUT1 (ab14683, 1:2500; Abcam, Cambridge, UK), LDHA (NBP1-48336, 1:2000; Novus Biologicals, Cambridge, UK) or β-tubulin (clone TUB2.1, 1:2500; Sigma-Aldrich, Dorset, UK). The chemiluminescent signal was detected using a UVITEC Alliance Q9 gel doc system and associated image acquisition software.
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