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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate

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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate is a chemical compound with the formula HAuCl4·3H2O. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is commonly used as a precursor in the synthesis of various gold compounds and nanoparticles.

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Lab products found in correlation

Sodium borohydride, by Merck Group (9 mentions) L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (9 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Merck Group (7 mentions) Silver nitrate, by Merck Group (6 mentions) Silver nitrate, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (5 mentions) Tetraethyl orthosilicate, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Thermo Fisher Scientific (3 mentions) Sodium oleate, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (3 mentions) Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, by Tokyo Chemical Industry (3 mentions) Hydrogen peroxide, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Dopamine hydrochloride, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Chloroform, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Sodium borohydride, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (2 mentions) Milli q grade, by Merck Group (2 mentions) Cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hydroquinone, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 4 nitrobenzenethiol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Trisodium citrate tsc, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Folic acid, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) trihydrate (12 citations) Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (III) trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) (9 citations) Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate (4 citations) Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(iii) trihydrate (HAuCl4) (2 citations)

13 protocols using hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate

1

Synthesis of Gold and Silver Nanoparticles

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Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, >98.0%), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, 25% water solution), hydroquinone (HQ, 99%), L-ascorbic acid (AA, >99.9%), 4-nitrobenzenethiol (NBT), Hydrogen peroxide (37%), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) and silver nitrate (AgNO3, >99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Ultrapure water obtained from a Milli-Q Integral 5 system was used in all experiments.
Khlebtsov B.N., Burov A.M., Zakharevich A.M, & Khlebtsov N.G. (2022). SERS and Indicator Paper Sensing of Hydrogen Peroxide Using Au@Ag Nanorods. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 22(9), 3202.
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2

AuNP Synthesis and Substrate Preparation

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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) of 99.99% purity (Alfa Aesar, Karlsruhe, Germany) and trisodium citrate (TSC) of 99.99% purity (Sigma-Aldrich, Milan, Italy) were used as received. Milli-Q water of high purity and resistivity of 18.2 MΩ·cm was used during all the AuNP synthesis, cleaning and sample preparation. Substrates of ≈4 cm2 surface area were cut off of ≈1 mm thick plates of either glass from commercial optical microscope slides (Menzel-Gläser, Germany) and pure fused silica (Heraeus, Germany), called quartz in the following. Before use, the substrates were cleaned by successive sonication (5 min at each step) in warm acetone, then isopropanol, then water, and finally blown dry under a nitrogen stream. As the last step, the substrates were treated for 20 min inside a UV-ozone cleaner Procleaner (BioForceNanosciences, USA).
Abdellatif M.H., Salerno M., Abdelrasoul G.N., Liakos I., Scarpellini A., Marras S, & Diaspro A. (2016). Effect of Anderson localization on light emission from gold nanoparticle aggregates. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 7, 2013-2022.
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3

Synthesis and Functionalization of Noble Metal Nanoparticles

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Dopamine hydrochloride (DA, H8502), cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, >98.0%), cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, 25% water solution), L-ascorbic acid (AA, >99.9%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37 wt % in water), folic acid (99.9%), thiolated polyethylene glycol (mPEG-SH, 99%), rhodamine 123 (BioReagent, for fluorescence, ≥85%) and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) and silver nitrate (AgNO3, >99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Ultrapure water obtained from a Milli-Q Integral 5 system was used in all experiments.
Khlebtsov B.N., Burov A.M., Pylaev T.E, & Khlebtsov N.G. (2019). Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy. Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology, 10, 794-803.
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4

Fabrication of PLA-NGF Microspheres and CTAB-Coated Gold Nanorods

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For MCA synthesis, biopolymer PLA (3 mm granules, molecular weight 60,000), chloroform, and NGF-β (molecular weight 13,5 kDa) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). The Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) kit (Sylgard 184) was purchased from Dow-Corning (Midland, USA).
For gold nanorods (GNRs) synthesis, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, >98.0%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37 wt% in water), L-ascorbic acid (>99.9%), and sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) and silver nitrate (AgNO3, >99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar.
Sindeeva O.A., Kopach O., Kurochkin M.A., Sapelkin A., Gould D.J., Rusakov D.A, & Sukhorukov G.B. (2020). Polylactic Acid-Based Patterned Matrixes for Site-Specific Delivery of Neuropeptides On-Demand: Functional NGF Effects on Human Neuronal Cells. Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology, 8, 497.
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5

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles

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Hexadecyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC, 25% W/W), Lascorbic acid (≥99%), sodium hypochlorite solution (10-15% available chlorine), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, ≥99%), sodium citrate tribasic dihydrate (≥98%), O-[2-(3-mercaptopropionylamino)ethyl]-O′methylpolyethylene glycol (PEG-SH, MW=5000 g/mol), 4mercaptobenzoic acid (4MBA, 99%), sodium hydroxide, poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH) average Mw = 15 000), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 28%), sulfuric acid (H2SO4, 98%), ethanol (EtOH, 99.8%) and poly-L-Lysine hydrobromide (PLL, 15-30 kDa) were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrochloric acid (37 wt %) was purchased from Panreac. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4•3H2O, ≥99.9%) from Alfa Aesar was employed without further purification. Milli-Q grade water was used in all experiments. Ultra-pure low-viscosity (20-200 mPa*s) and high guluronic (LVG) acid alginate (G/M ratio > 1.5) with a MW of 75-200 kDa was purchased from FMC Biopolymer (Norway).
Zhang Y ., Gallego I ., Plou J ., Pedraz JL ., Liz-Marzán LM ., Ciriza J , & García I . (2021). SERS monitoring of local pH in encapsulated therapeutic cells. Nanoscale, 13(34).
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6

Synthesis of Polymeric and Metallic Nanoparticles

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For MCA and carbon dot (CD) synthesis, PLA (3 mm granule, M w B 60 000), chloroform, Nile red, fluorescein isothiocyanatedextran (FITC-dextran, M w B 70 000), and dextran sulfate sodium salt (DSS, M w B 40 kDa) were all purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. The poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) kit, consisting of a prepolymer and a curing agent (Sylgard 184), was purchased from Dow-Corning, Midland, USA.
For the gold nanorod (GNR) synthesis, all chemicals were obtained from commercial suppliers and were used without further purification. Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, 498.0%), L-ascorbic acid (499.9%), hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37 wt% in water), and sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 , 99%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl 4 Á3H 2 O) and silver nitrate (AgNO 3 , 499%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Ultrapure water obtained from a Milli-Q Integral 5 system with a resistivity of B18.2 MO cm was used in all experiments.
Sindeeva OA ., Prikhozhdenko ES ., Bratashov DN ., Vostrikova AM ., Atkin VS ., Ermakov AV ., Khlebtsov BN ., Sapelkin AV ., Goryacheva IY , & Sukhorukov GB . (2018). Carbon dot aggregates as an alternative to gold nanoparticles for the laser-induced opening of microchamber arrays. Soft matter, 14(44).
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7

Synthesis of Advanced Nanomaterials

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Tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO, 99%), 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA, 99%), potassium hydroxide (KOH, >85%), hexane (99%), toluene (99.7%), methanol (99.8%), sulfur (S, 99.98%), ammonia (NH 3 , 28.0-30.0% aqueous solution), titanium(IV) butoxide (97%), sodium borohydride (98%), (3-aminopropyl)trimethoxysilane (APTMS, 97%) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, 99.999%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Acetone (99.5%) and hydrogen peroxide (35% aqueous solution) were purchased from Honeywell. Cadmium oxide (CdO, 99.998%), hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (99.99%), silver nitrate (99.9%) and selenium (Se, 99.999%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar. Hexylphosphonic acid (HPA, >99%) and octadecylphosphonic acid (ODPA, >99%) were purchased from PCI Synthesis. Tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP, 97%) and trisodium citrate dihydrate (99.0%) were purchased from ABCR. AcetylAcetone (acac, 99%) was purchased from Merck. Ethanol (99.8%) was purchased from Roth. All chemicals were used as received.
Rusch P ., Niemeyer F ., Pluta D ., Schremmer B ., Lübkemann F ., Rosebrock M ., Schäfer M ., Jahns M ., Behrens P , & Bigall NC . (2019). Versatile route to core-shell reinforced network nanostructures. Nanoscale, 11(32).
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8

Synthesis of Metal Nanoparticles and Composites

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Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl 4 •3H 2 O), chloroplatinic acid hexahydrate (H 2 PtCl 6 •6H 2 O, ≥37.50% Pt basis), and sodium borohydride (98%) from Alfa Aesar; hydrogen fluoride (48%), ammonia solution (32 wt%) and acetonitrile (HPLC grade) from Merck; tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS, >99%), trimethoxy(octadecyl)silane (C 18 TMOS, 90%), dopamine hydrochloride, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (THAM, 99.8%), tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether (TEGDME, ≥99%), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate (LiCF 3 SO 3 , 99.995% trace metal basis) from Sigma-Aldrich; Ketjen Black (KB, Ketjen Black International, ECP600JD) from MTI were all used as received.
Lu M., Chen D., Xu C., Zhan Y, & Lee J.Y. (2015). Enhancing the performance of catalytic AuPt nanoparticles in nonaqueous lithium-oxygen batteries. Nanoscale, 7(30).
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9

Synthesis of Functionalized Nanoparticles

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The following materials were purchased from the indicated suppliers and used as received: hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) was purchased from Acros. Sodium citrate, silver nitrate, ascorbic acid, and graphene oxide were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Methanol, glutathione, and sodium borohydride (NaBH4) were obtained from Fisher Scientific. (1-Cetyl)-trimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Spectra/Por cellulose ester (CE) dialysis membranes (MW = 8000–10 000 Da) were purchased from Spectrum Laboratories, Inc. Nanopure water was purified by a Barnstead NANOpure Diamond ion exchange resins purification unit.
Pan H., Low S., Weerasuriya N, & Shon Y.S. (2015). Graphene Oxide-Promoted Reshaping and Coarsening of Gold Nanorods and Nanoparticles. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 7(5), 3406-3413.
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10

Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticles

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All reagents including amino acids and resins were purchased from GL Biochem (Shanghai), Shanghai Hanhong Chemical Co., J&K Scientific or Energy Chemical and were used without further purifications. Hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, > 98.0%), sodium 3-methylsalicylate (> 97.0%), 5-bromosalicylic acid (> 98.0%), 5-aminosalicylic acid (> 98.0%), sodium salicylate (99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 99%) were purchased from Alfar. Hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (HAuCl4·3H2O) was purchased from Acros Organics. L-Ascorbic acid (BioUltra, g99.5%), silver nitrate (AgNO3, > 99%) and hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37 wt % in water) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich. Ultrapure water produced with a Milli-Q Integral 5 system was used in all experiments. All glassware was cleaned with aqua regia, rinsed extensively with water, and dried before use.
Meng X., Li J., Zheng M., Zuo L., Sun C., Zhu Y., Fang L., Liu L, & Zhou X. (2017). Stable H3 peptide was delivered by gold nanorods to inhibit LSD1 activation and induce human mesenchymal stem cells differentiation. Oncotarget, 8(14), 23110-23119.
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