modified NP40 lysis buffer (50mM Tris, 150mM NaCl, 1% NP40, 0.1% SDS, 5%
Glycerol supplemented with cOmplete EDTA-free protease inhibitor and Phos-Stop
tablets (Roche)). Tissue specimens were mechanically processed at cryogenic
temperatures using a micro mortar and pestle. Lysates were then sonicated using
a probe sonicator to shear genomic DNA and release lipid-membrane-bound
proteins. The resulting specimen was centrifuged (>10,000 RPM) for 10
minutes at 4°C in a microfuge and supernatant was collected. These total
protein lysates were quantified (Thermo-Pierce BCA protein assay) for equal
loading. Lysates were run on NuPAGE Novex Bis-Tris 4–12% polyacrylamide
gels (Thermo Fisher) with MES or SDS running buffer (Thermo Fisher) and
transferred to 0.22 micron PVDF (Millipore). Blots were incubated overnight in
primary antibody in 5% w/v blotting-grade blocker dissolved in PBS-T and
developed using HRP-labelled secondary antibodies and Amersham ECL or Amersham
ECL prime chemiluminescent detection reagent. A list of antibodies used in this
manuscript is available in
antibody validation data.