Nafion solution

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, China, Germany

Nafion solution is a clear, colorless, and highly conductive liquid. It is a perfluorinated ion-exchange polymer solution primarily composed of a copolymer of tetrafluoroethylene and a perfluorinated vinyl ether containing sulfonic acid groups. The core function of Nafion solution is to provide a highly proton-conductive medium for various electrochemical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Potassium hydroxide, by Merck Group (8 mentions) Ethanol, by Merck Group (8 mentions) Potassium hydroxide, by Sinopharm (7 mentions) Acetylene black, by Merck Group (5 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Sinopharm (5 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Sinopharm (4 mentions) Ethanol, by Sinopharm (4 mentions) Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (4 mentions) Dimethyl sulfoxide (dmso), by Merck Group (4 mentions) Cobalt nitrate hexahydrate, by Sinopharm (3 mentions) Sigracet 39 bc, by Fuel Cell Store (3 mentions) Sodium hydroxide (naoh), by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium carbonate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Isopropanol, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Sodium sulfate, by Merck Group (3 mentions) D glucose, by Merck Group (3 mentions) L ascorbic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions) Hydrochloric acid (hcl), by Xilong (3 mentions) Ethanol, by Xilong (3 mentions)

Spelling variants of this product

Nafion (232 citations) Nafion perfluorinated resin solution (54 citations) Nafion solution (5 wt%) (8 citations) Nafion-117 containing solution (5 citations) Nafion resin solution (3 citations) Nafion ionomer solution (2 citations) D-2020 Nafion solution (2 citations) Nafion® DE 521 solution (2 citations) Nafion 117 solution (5 wt%), (2 citations) Nafion perfluorinated resin solution 5 wt.% (2 citations)

156 protocols using nafion solution

Synthesis and Characterization of Ionic Liquid-Modified Catalyst Inks

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The synthesis
and characterization of ethylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (EPy)
and octylpyridinium hexafluorophosphate (OPy) was recently reported
in previous studies.^{34 (link),35 (link)} Catalyst inks were prepared in
the absence (i) and presence (ii) of EPy or OPy by ultrasound-assisted
physical mixing as follows:
(i) 20 mg of tungsten-based material
(WCU2, WCU4, or commercial W₂C) + 15 μL of Nafion
solution (5 wt %; Aldrich) + 500 μL of isopropanol (Merck, p.a.).
(ii) 19 mg of WCU4 + 1 mg of ionic liquid (EPy or OPy) + 15 μL
of Nafion solution + 500 μL of isopropanol. The obtained composite
materials are labeled in this work as WCU4-EPy and WCU4-OPy.

Díaz-Coello S., Winkler D., Griesser C., Moser T., Rodríguez J.L., Kunze-Liebhäuser J., García G, & Pastor E. (2024). Highly Active W2C-Based Composites for the HER in Alkaline Solution: the Role of Surface Oxide Species. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 16(17), 21877-21884.

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Nafion-Dispersed Catalyst Ink Preparation

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A diluted Nafion solution (0.13 wt %) was prepared by dissolving 50 μL of 10 wt % Nafion solution (Sigma-Aldrich) into a solution containing 3 mL of H₂O and 1 mL of ethanol. The synthesized powder samples (3 mg) were dispersed in 200 μL of the diluted Nafion solution and the mixture was sonicated for about 10 min to generate a homogeneous ink. The ink suspension was transferred onto a carbon paper substrate (EC−TP1−060T, TOYO Corporation) with a geometrical area of 1.5 cm² and dried naturally at room temperature before electrolysis experiments.

He D., Ooka H., Kim Y., Li Y., Jin F., Kim S.H, & Nakamura R. (2020). Atomic-scale evidence for highly selective electrocatalytic N−N coupling on metallic MoS2. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(50), 31631-31638.

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Synthesis of Rh-cyclam and Ru-cyclam Catalysts

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Rh-cyclam: 1.5 mg of catalyst and 1.5 mg of carbon powder (Vulcan® XC72R) were triturated and then 3 mg of the mixture were ultrasonically blended with 35 μL of 5% wt. Nafion® solution (Sigma-Aldrich) for 20 minutes. The catalyst ink was deposited on the glassy carbon RDE (Area = 0.072 cm²) and dried in air at 300 rpm. 0.6 μL of 5% wt. Nafion® solution were deposited over the electrode to avoid fracture.
Ru-cyclam: a catalyst ink was prepared by ultrasonically mixing 1.5 mg of the catalyst and 1.5 mg of carbon powder (Vulcan® XC72R), previously triturated, and 30 μL of 5% wt. Nafion® solution (Sigma-Aldrich) for 20 minutes. The ink was deposited on the glassy carbon RDE (Area = 0.072 cm²) and dried in air at 300 rpm.

Vera-Estrada I.L., Uribe-Godínez J, & Jiménez-Sandoval O. (2020). Study of M(iii)-cyclam (M = Rh, Ru; cyclam = 1,4,8,11-tetraazacyclotetradecane) complexes as novel methanol resistant electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction. RSC Advances, 10(38), 22586-22594.

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Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron using 2,2′-Bipyridyl

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All the chemicals used in the experiments were analytical reagent grade. Deionized water (18.2 MΩ cm specific resistance) obtained from Pall Cascada laboratory water system was used throughout the experiment. Iron standard solutions were prepared from iron(II) sulfate heptahydrate (Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd., China.) in 0.01 mol L À 1 HCl. Stock solutions of 2 mmol L À 1 2,2′-bipyridyl (Bp) was also prepared in 0.01 mol L À 1 HCl. The 0.05% w/v Nafion solution was prepared by 1:100 dilution with methanol of 5% w/v Nafion solution (Sigma-Aldrich Co. LLC). The suspension of 0.5 mg mL À 1 TiC nanoparticles (particle size: 20-60 nm, Nanjing Emperor Nano Material Co., Ltd., China) was dispersed and ultrasonicated in 0.05% w/v Nafion. 1.9 mmol L À 1 H 2 PtCl 6 was prepared in 0.5 mol L À 1 H 2 SO 4 for electrodeposition. Reduced graphene oxide nanoparticles (rGO) and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) were supplied by Nanjing Jcnano Technology Company. All bottles and containers used for standards and samples were soaked in 5% HNO 3 at least for 24 h and then washed with deionized water before use. All experiments were conducted at room temperature (25 °C) and all solutions used had been pre-purged with nitrogen.

Lin M., Pan D., Zhu Y., Hu X., Han H, & Wang C. (2016). Dual-nanomaterial based electrode for voltammetric stripping of trace Fe(II) in coastal waters. Talanta, 154.

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Design and Performance of Microbial Fuel Cells

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Two transparent Perspex air-cathode single-chamber microbial fuel cells designs are constructed with an electrode active surface area of 25 cm². One with 50 ml total working volume (6 cm length and 4 cm diameter), the other with 20 ml volume (3 cm length and 4 cm diameter). It is composed of an anode and a cathode both are made from carbon paper, The cathode electrode is treated with Poly tetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) as diffusion layers on the air-exposed side [32] (link). The catalyst layer is prepared by mixing 0.3 mg cm⁻² of 30% Pt loading supported on carbon VulcanXC-72R and Nafion solution (5% Nafion solution from Aldrich) to form catalyst paste which stretched in the water facing side to reduce water loss and oxygen diffusion into the MFCs. The anode and the Pt- loaded side of the cathode are placed on opposite sides the solution. The cells are connected through an external circuit (open circuit, or 550 Ω). The performance of MFCs is evaluated with respect to power generation and substrate biodegradation.

Khater D.Z., El-Khatib K.M, & Hassan R.Y. (2018). Effect of vitamins and cell constructions on the activity of microbial fuel cell battery. Journal of Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology, 16(2), 369-373.

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Synthesis of Nanostructured Nickel Catalyst

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The nanostructured nickel-based catalyst was prepared using thermal solid-phase synthesis, whereas the bulk material was directly produced at room temperature. Nickel chloride hexahydrate (NiCl₂·6H₂O) (M_w = 321.6 g·mol⁻¹, 99.0%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar. Potassium hydrogen fluoride (KHF₂) (M_w = 78.10 g mol⁻¹, 99.9%), nickel fluoride (NiF₂) (M_w = 96.69 g mol⁻¹, 99.9%), and aluminium fluoride (AlF₃) (M_w = 83.97 g mol⁻¹, 99.9%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Urea (CO(NH₂)₂) (M_w = 60.06 g mol⁻¹) was purchased from AVONCHEM Corp. Potassium hydroxide pellets (M_w = 56.11 g mol⁻¹, 85.0%) and isopropanol were purchased from the AnalaR group. Nafion solution (10% w/v) was obtained from Merck. All chemicals were used as received without any further purification. Carbon paper (CP, ®SIGRACET, grade GDL-24BC, SGL Technologies) was employed as the working electrode. Deionized water (DI, 18 MΩ resistivity) was used throughout this work and obtained using a Milli-Q ultrapure water purification system (18 MΩ resistivity).

Aladeemy S.A., Al-Mayouf A.M., Amer M.S., Alotaibi N.H., Weller M.T, & Ghanem M.A. (2021). Structure and electrochemical activity of nickel aluminium fluoride nanosheets during urea electro-oxidation in an alkaline solution. RSC Advances, 11(5), 3190-3201.

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Operando Cu L3-edge XAS Characterization

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The Cu L₃-edge XAS measurements were performed at the photoemission end-station at beamline BL-11A in NSRRC, Taiwan. Operando soft-XAS were also recorded in a three-electrode setup with the previous self-assembled cell. A gold-covered Si₃N₄ window was in contact with copper wires as the working electrode; Hg/HgO and platinum wires were respectively used as reference and counter electrodes. The catalyst powders were dispersed in ethanol with Nafion solution (20 μL, 5%, Sigma-Aldrich), and then sonicated for 10 min. The catalyst ink was drop-cast onto the gold-covered Si₃N₄ window. The X-ray beam was transmitted through the Si₃N₄ window and reached the detector for soft-XAS spectra collection in the fluorescence mode.

Peng C.K., Lin Y.C., Chiang C., Qian Z., Huang Y.C., Dong C.L., Li J., Chen C.T., Hu Z., Chen S.Y, & Lin Y.G. (2023). Zhang-Rice singlets state formed by two-step oxidation for triggering water oxidation under operando conditions. Nature Communications, 14, 529.

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Synthesis of Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion

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Pt/C (20 wt%, Johnson Matthey) and 2-aminoterephthalic acid (C8H7NO4) were derived from Alfa Aesar. Nafion solution (5 wt%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich.
Cobalt (II) acetate tetrahydrate (Co(Ac)2.4H2O), potassium hydroxide (KOH), zinc acetate (Zn(Ac)2.2H2O), sodium hypophosphite (NaH2PO2) were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co., Ltd with analytical reagent pure grade(A.R.) and were used without any purification. Dicyandiamide (DCDA, C2H4N4), methanol and ethanol were provided by Aladdin. All aqueous solutions were attained from deionized water with a specific resistance of＞18.2 MΩ.cm.

Yao C., Li J., Zhang Z., Gou C., Zhang Z., Pan G, & Zhang J. (2022). Hierarchical Core-Shell Co₂ N/CoP Embedded in N, P-doped Carbon Nanotubes as Efficient Oxygen Reduction Reaction Catalysts for Zn-air Batteries. Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany), 18(20).

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Synthesis of Pt-based Electrocatalysts

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La(NO₃)₃·6H₂O (99.99%, AR grade), Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O (99.99%, AR grade), KOH (99.98%, AR grade), citric acid (CA, 99.99%, AR grade), ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA, 99.99%, AR grade), and ammonia hydroxide (25%, AR grade) were purchased from Kermel. Pt(NO₃)₂ (Pt, 18.02%) was bought from Aladdin. Nafion solution (5 wt%, v : v : v = 4 : 1 : 0.04) was bought from Sigma-Aldrich. Carbon black (CB, VXC-72) was purchased from Cabot, USA. All chemicals were used directly without further purification.

Wang C., Zeng L., Guo W., Gong C, & Yang J. (2019). Enhancing oxygen and hydrogen evolution activities of perovskite oxide LaCoO3via effective doping of platinum. RSC Advances, 9(61), 35646-35654.

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Synthesis of Polymer-Carbon Composites

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N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethylene glycol (EG), hydrogen hexachloroplatinate hexahydrate (H₂PtCl₆·6H₂O), 2-propanol, methanol, sulfuric acid and nitric acid were purchased from Wako Pure Chemical, Ltd., and used as received. Nafion solution (5 wt%) and Nafion® 117 membrane were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs; ca. 20-nm diameter) were kindly supplied from the Nikkiso Co. Carbon black (Vulcan XC-72R) was purchased from Cabot Chemical Co., Ltd. Poly[2,2’-(2,6-pyridine)-5,5′-bibenzimidazole] (PyPBI) (Fig. 1a) was synthesized according to a previously reported method40 . The MWNT/PyPBI, CB/PyPBI, CB/PyPBI/Pt and MWNT/PyPBI/Pt composites were prepared according to our previous reports12 14 .

Berber M.R., Hafez I.H., Fujigaya T, & Nakashima N. (2015). A highly durable fuel cell electrocatalyst based on double-polymer-coated carbon nanotubes. Scientific Reports, 5, 16711.

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