Statistical package for the social sciences spss for windows version 23

Results from the five-point Likert scale questions in both the student- and teacher-targeted questionnaires were presented in diverging stacked bar charts. Awarded marks and satisfaction grouped by program and program year were presented using box plot. Satisfaction was also demonstrated and compared on a five-point scoring system with 1 being the lowest part (very poor) and 5 the highest part (excellent) of the scale. Correlation analysis between students’ satisfaction and variables of Likert scale was done using nonparametric Spearman’s rank coefficient. Unpaired two-tailed unequal variance t-test was used to determine significant difference between marks awarded during virtual learning (2020) and traditional face-to-face teaching (2019). Data analysis was done using Tableau v3 and Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) for windows, version 23.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Categorical variables were expressed as percentages while continuous variables were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) or median with range depending on the normality of distribution of the variables. Kaplan-Meier methodology was used to determine the mPFS and mOS. Differences between categorical variables were tested using Chi-Squared test or Fisher Exact test. For continuous variables, the differences were compared using independent t-test or Mann-Whitney U test. Multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression. A p-value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Statistical analyses were performed by using the software package, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows version 23.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).

Categorical variables are presented as percentages. The difference between clinical phenotypes was compared using the chi-squared test, with post-hoc analysis taking adjusted standardized residual of > 2 as significant. Continuous variables are presented as the mean ± standard deviation (SD), or median with inter-quantile range. Differences between clinical phenotypes were compared using one-way ANOVA test or Kruskall-Wallis H test. The post-hoc analysis was performed using Tukey test or Dunn’s procedure with a Bonferroni adjustment, respectively. The significant p-value in this study was < 0.05. Statistical analyses were performed using the software package, Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS for Windows version 23.0, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).