The experimental adhesive was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with a Vetrex 70 (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany) spectrometer equipped with an attenuated total reflectance device composed of a horizontal diamond crystal with a mirror angle of 45 degrees. The spectrometer received a support for the light-curing unit and the 5-mm distance between the fiber tip and the sample was standardized. The Opus software (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany) used a Blackman-Harris 3-Term apodization function in a range of 4000 to 400 cm -1 and 64 scans with a 4cm -1 resolution. The samples were directly dispensed onto the diamond crystal into a polyvinyl siloxane matrix for standardization (5 mm in diameter and 1 mm in height). One spectrum was obtained before photoactivation and another one immediately after photoactivation for 20 s (n = 3). The degree of conversion (DC) was calculated according to a previous study, 25 (link) considering the intensity of 1,635 cm -1 carbon-carbon double-bond stretching vibration (peak height) and using the 1,608 cm -1 aromatic carbon-carbon bond from polymerized and unpolymerized samples as internal standard.
Vetrex 70
Manufactured by Bruker
Sourced in Germany
The Vetrex 70 is a high-performance X-ray diffractometer designed for materials analysis. The instrument features a compact and modular design, enabling versatile configuration and easy integration into various laboratory settings.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
3 protocols using vetrex 70
1
FTIR Evaluation of Adhesive Photocuring
2
Characterization of Dental Sealers by FTIR
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The DC of the sealers was evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with a Vetrex 70 (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany), equipped with an attenuated total reflectance device composed of a horizontal diamond crystal with a mirror angle of 45 degrees. A support was coupled to fix the light-curing unit and standardize the distance between the fiber tip and sample at 5 mm. Opus software (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany) was used with Blackman-Harris 3-Term apodization in a range of 4,000-400 cm−1 and resolution of 4 cm−1. With this setup, one spectrum was obtained prior to photocuring and one immediately after photocuring. The samples (3 μl) were directly dispensed onto the diamond crystal and light-activated for 120s (polymer immediate) and after 14 days storage at 37°C (polymer at 14 days). The test was repeated three times on each group (n = 3).
3
Resin Sealant Degree of Conversion Assessment
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For degree of conversion (DC) assessment, three samples per group, n = 3, were evaluated by FTIR-ATR (Vetrex 70, Bruker Alpha, Ettingen, Germany). The resin sealants were dispensed onto the ATR crystal in a polyvinylsiloxane matrix with 1 mm thickness measured using a digital caliper. The uncured resin sealant was positioned on ATR in the polyvinylsiloxane matrix. The resin sealants were photoactivated for 50 s with the tip of the LED unit fixed by a device at 1 mm from the top of each specimen. The polymerized samples were then measured using a digital caliper. Data were evaluated with Opus 6.5 software (Bruker Optics, Ettlingen, Germany) with Blackman Haris 3-Term apodization, in 4000-400 cm -1 range with 64 scans at 4 cm -1 resolution. Spectra were obtained before and after polymerization and the DC was calculated considering the intensity of carbon-carbon double bond stretching vibration (peak at 1640 cm -1 ) using the aromatic carbon-carbon double bond stretching vibration (peak at 1610 cm -1 ) from the polymerized and unpolymerized samples as internal standard. 26
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