Avance 500 nmr spectrometer

Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) analysis was carried out with a Waters 410 instrument using tetrahydrofuran as the eluent flow rate of 1 mL min⁻¹, at 35 °C and polystyrene as the standard. ¹H NMR and ¹³C NMR spectra were measured using a Bruker AVANCE-500 NMR spectrometer and a Varian Mercury-300 NMR, respectively. UV-vis absorption spectra were measured by a Lambda 800 UV-vis spectrophotometer. A a JEM-2100F electron microscope was used to conduct TEM. The Bruker Dimension Icon was used to perform the AFM measurements. An integrated ultrahigh-vacuum system equipped with a multitechnique surface analysis system (VG Scienta R3000) for ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS) was used to obtain the energy band values. The electrochemical cyclic voltammetry (CV) was conducted on a Bioanalytical Systems BAS 100 B/W electrochemical workstation. The photoluminescence (PL) spectra were implemented with a Shimadzu RF-5301 PC spectrophotometer. Under the AM 1.5 G 100 mW cm⁻² illumination, a computer-controlled Keithley 2400 sourcemeter system was used to measure the current density versus voltage (J–V) characteristics. A Crowntech QTest Station 1000AD was used to measure the external quantum efficiency (EQE).