Rosiglitazone

C3H10T1/2 cell line was obtained from the RIKEN Cell Bank (Tsukuba, Japan). C3H10T1/2 cells were plated in 6-well plate in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM, Cat. #11885-084, Gibco, Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, United States) containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS, Cat. #7524, Nichirei Biosciences, Tokyo, Japan) and 100 U/mL penicillin, and maintained in a humidified incubator at 37°C under a 5% CO₂ atmosphere into a confluent. For the differentiation procedure, confluent C3H10T1/2 cells were induced to differentiate into adipocytes in a differentiation medium supplemented with 1 μM Rosiglitazone (Cat. #R0106, Tokyo Chemical Industry, Tokyo, Japan) for 48 h. Rosiglitazone was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, Cat. #D8418, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, United States). 1 mM Pro-Hyp (Cat. #4001630, Bachem, Bubendorf, Switzerland) was diluted in the DMEM medium and co-treated with Rosiglitazone for 48 h.

The full-length PPARγ clone in a pCMV-SPORT6 plasmid (clone ID: hMU000317) was obtained from Korea Human Gene Bank, Medical Genomics Research Center, KRIBB, Korea. Lobeglitazone sulfate (Duvie^R tablets) and pioglitazone hydrochloride (Glyact^R tablets) were purchased from Chong Kun Dang pharmaceutical co. and Myungmoon pharmaceutical co., respectively. Rosiglitazone and pioglitazone with purity higher than 98% were obtained from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co.