Hepg2 and hek293 cells

LX-2 cells (Merck Millipore; Billerica, MA) were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific; Waltham, MA) supplemented with 2% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% Pen/Strep (Omega Scientific; Tarzana, CA). Approximately 1 x 10⁶ cells were thawed in T-75 flasks (Corning Life Sciences; Corning, NY) containing 12 mL cell culture medium and placed at 37°C in a Hera Cell 5% CO₂ incubator (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Culture medium was replaced the first day after thawing, and then every 72 hours until 80% confluent. HepG2 and HEK293 cells (ATCC; Manassas, VA) were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) (Thermo Fisher Scientific) supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1% Pen/Strep (Omega Scientific). Culture medium was replaced the first day after thawing, and then every 48 hours until 80% confluent. Primary human hepatocytes (Thermo Fisher Scientific) were thawed in 50 mL Cryopreserved Hepatocyte Recovery Medium (CHRM) and plated in 500 υL William's E Medium supplemented with Hepatocyte Plating Supplement Pack on collagen-coated 24-well plates (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Culture medium was replaced the first day after thawing with William's E Medium supplemented with Hepatocyte Maintenance Supplement Pack.

HepG2 and HEK-293 cells (ATCC, Manassas, VA, USA) were cultured in Dulbecco’s Modified Eagle Medium (DMEM) and supplemented with 10% FBS (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA), and 200 mM L-glutamine (Gibco, Waltham, MA, USA). Cells were maintained in a humidified incubator with 5% CO₂ at 37 °C.