90 plus particle size analyzer

Manufactured by Brookhaven Instruments

Sourced in United States

The 90 Plus Particle Size Analyzer is a laboratory instrument used to measure the size distribution of particles in a sample. It utilizes the principles of dynamic light scattering to determine the hydrodynamic diameter of particles ranging from 0.6 nanometers to 6 micrometers.

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Spelling variants of this product

90 Plus (81 citations) Particle size analyzer (30 citations) BI-90 Plus particle size analyzer (7 citations) 90 Plus Particle Analyzer (3 citations) Plus Particle Size Analyzer (2 citations)

103 protocols using 90 plus particle size analyzer

Characterization of Drug-loaded Nanoparticles

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The particle size and size distribution of the different batches of blank and drug-loaded nanoparticles were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a 90 Plus particle size analyzer (Brookhaven Instruments Corp., Holtsville, NY, USA). Each measurement was carried out by dispersing 200 μL of the prepared nanoparticle suspension in 4 mL of DI water and the resulting suspension was filtered through a 5 µm Millex^® SV syringe filter (Merck Millipore Ltd., Tulla green, Carrigtwohill, Cork, Ireland).
The zeta potential was determined using a 90 Plus particle size analyzer (Brookhaven Instruments Corp., Holtsville, NY, USA). Briefly, 5 mg of freeze-dried nanoparticles were suspended in 5 mL of deionized water. It was briefly sonicated for 30 s and filtered through a 5 µm Millex^® SV syringe filter.
Measurements for particle size and zeta potential analyses were performed in triplicate at 25 °C. A measure of the particle size distribution is given by the polydispersity index (PDI).

Adekiya T.A., Moore M., Thomas M., Lake G., Hudson T, & Adesina S.K. (2024). Preparation, Optimization, and In-Vitro Evaluation of Brusatol- and Docetaxel-Loaded Nanoparticles for the Treatment of Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics, 16(1), 114.

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Physicochemical Characterization of SLNs

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¹H-NMR spectra were realized by using a Bruker VM 30 spectrophotometer (MI, IT), FT-IR spectra were obtained using a Jasco 4200 spectrophotometer (MI, IT). UV-Vis spectra were realized using a Jasco V-530 UV/Vis spectrophotometer, while SLN dimensional analyses were carried out by means of Brookhaven 90 Plus Particle Size Analyzer. Rotavapor were used to remove solvent; while freezing-drying Micro Modulyo, Edwards was used to freeze-dry samples. Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using silica gel plates 60 F254 on aluminum supplied by Merck (DE) using UV light at a wavelength of 254 nm.

Cassano R., Serini S., Curcio F., Trombino S, & Calviello G. (2022). Preparation and Study of Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on Curcumin, Resveratrol and Capsaicin Containing Linolenic Acid. Pharmaceutics, 14(8), 1593.

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Dynamic Light Scattering Analysis Protocol

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DLS measurements were acquired with the Brookhaven 90Plus Particle Size Analyzer equipped with a 15 mW solid state, 633 nm laser and upgraded APD detector. Scattered light was detected at 90° incidence and optimized to a count rate of 200–400 kilocounts per second (kcps) through adjustment of a neutral density filter prior to the sample chamber. The intensity was maximized for samples producing less than 200 kcps. Temperature control was stabilized at 25 °C, and each sample was scanned for 5 min (3 min for control samples). Autocorrelation curves were analyzed via the provided software using the method of cumulants (quadratic fit) unless otherwise noted. This provided the effective diameter and relative variance reported below. For dust-free, relatively monodispersed samples, this analysis provided results similar to NNLS and CONTIN algorithms. Protocols for preparation of solutions and a brief discussion of the theory for DLS are provided in Supporting Information File 1. Representative fitted data is shown in Supporting Information Fle 1, Figure S7 for 4 and 5.

Goodman C.K., Wolfenden M.L., Nangia-Makker P., Michel A.K., Raz A, & Cloninger M.J. (2014). Multivalent scaffolds induce galectin-3 aggregation into nanoparticles. Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, 10, 1570-1577.

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Characterization of Nanoparticle Synthesis

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Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was performed using 60 F254 silica gel plates (Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) on aluminum supplied by Merck using UV light at a wavelength of 254 nm. ¹H-NMR spectra were carried out using a Bruker VM 30 spectrophotometer (Bruker, Ettlingen, Germany), while FT-IR spectra were recorded using a Jasco 4200 spectrophotometer (Jasco Europe S.R.L, Lecco, Italy). UV-Vis spectra were recorded using a Jasco V-530 UV/Vis (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Monza, Italy) spectrophotometer using 1 cm thick quartz cells. Size analyses of the nanoparticles were carried out using a Brookhaven 90 Plus Particle Size Analyzer with light scattering (Holtsville, NY, USA). Solvent removal was carried out by means of Rotavapor R II Buchi, while freeze-drying of some compounds was performed by means of a Micro Modulyo, Edwards “Freezing-drying”. A ZEISS EM 900 electron microscope (Oberkochen, Germany) at an accelerating voltage of 80 kVwas used to observe nanoparticle morphology.

Trombino S., Malivindi R., Barbarossa G., Sole R., Curcio F, & Cassano R. (2023). Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Hydroquinone-Based for the Treatment of Melanoma: Efficacy and Safety Studies. Pharmaceutics, 15(5), 1375.

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Comprehensive Characterization of Nanomaterials

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Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectra were recorded on an IFS/66v/S (BRUKER Optic GmbH, Karlsruhe, Germany).
Dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses were performed with a 90 Plus Particle Size Analyzer (Brookhaven Instruments Corp, Holtsville, NY, USA) at 25.0 ± 0.1 °C with a laser operating at 658 nm while measuring the autocorrelation function at 90°.
Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on an SDT Q600 (TA Instruments, Hüllhorst, Germany) under a nitrogen atmosphere with the following conditions: 10 mg initial sample weight, 10 mL min⁻¹ N₂ flow, 25–800 °C temperature range, and 10 °C min⁻¹ heating rate.
Optical microscope images were taken with an Axio Imager.A2m (Zeiss, Oberkochen Germany).
Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of samples were taken with a NOVA NanoSEM 200 [0–30 kV] (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Hillsboro, OR, USA) by depositing samples onto self-adhesive conductive carbon tape (Plano GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany).
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) images were taken with a Dimension Icon (Bruker) operating in the tapping mode, and they were examined with the Nanoscope Analysis software, version 1.8.

Madeo L.F., Sarogni P., Cirillo G., Vittorio O., Voliani V., Curcio M., Shai-Hee T., Büchner B., Mertig M, & Hampel S. (2022). Curcumin and Graphene Oxide Incorporated into Alginate Hydrogels as Versatile Devices for the Local Treatment of Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Materials, 15(5), 1648.

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Physicochemical Characterization of Magnetic Nanoparticles

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Structural conformation of synthesized MNPs was verified using Bruker GADDS/D8 X-ray diffraction system with Apex Smart CCD Detector and Mo direct-drive rotating anode (50 kV; 20 mA). Diffraction patterns were analyzed and indexed using ICDD PDF 2015 database and Match software. Further, to confirm the elemental composition of MNPs, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) was conducted in scanning electron microscopy (JEOL JSM 5900LV) at 15 kV and working distance of 10 mm.
The hydrodynamic radius and size distribution of MNPs were analyzed using dynamic laser scattering (DLS) (90 Plus particle size analyzer, Brookhaven Instruments, USA) at room temperature. Further, to examine the original crystal size, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed with the JEOL 1010 Transmission Electron microscope operated at 100 kV. The magnetization curve of MNPs was measured using vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM-3, Toei Kogyo, Tokyo, Japan) equipped with an electromagnet (TEM-WFR7, Toei Kogyo, Tokyo, Japan) and a gaussmeter (Model 421, Lake Shore Cryotronics, Inc.). The measurement was conducted at room temperature with a maximum field of 780 kA/m.
The Agilent 8453 UV-Visible Spectrometer with Quartz-1 cm path length was used for evaluating absorbance of MNPs from 200 to 1000 nm wavelength.

Sagar V., Atluri V.S., Tomitaka A., Shah P., Nagasetti A., Pilakka-Kanthikeel S., El-Hage N., McGoron A., Takemura Y, & Nair M. (2016). Coupling of transient near infrared photonic with magnetic nanoparticle for potential dissipation-free biomedical application in brain. Scientific Reports, 6, 29792.

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Nanoemulsion Particle Size Analysis

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A 100 μL sample of nanoemulsion was diluted 50-fold with potassium dihydrogen phosphate (pH 5.3–5.5), followed by placing in a styrene tube for measurement of mean particle size and polydispersity index (PDI) by a dynamic light scattering instrument (90 plus particle size analyzer) from Brookhaven Instruments (Holtsville, NY, USA) [28 (link)].

Yu H.R, & Chen B.H. (2023). Analysis of Phenolic Acids and Flavonoids in Rabbiteye Blueberry Leaves by UPLC-MS/MS and Preparation of Nanoemulsions and Extracts for Improving Antiaging Effects in Mice. Foods, 12(10), 1942.

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Optical Properties of Au25 Clusters

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The emission spectrum of gold clusters
from 675 to 1400 nm was measured by Edinburgh FLS1000 with a measurement
range of 400–1700 nm and under an excitation of 655 nm Xenon
lamp. The UV–vis absorption spectrum of Au₂₅ clusters
was recorded in the range of 300–900 nm using a Cary 6000i
UV–vis-NIR spectrophotometer. The hydrodynamic size of Au₂₅ clusters in FBS was determined by dynamic light scattering
(DLS) in a 1 cm quartz cuvette using a Brookhaven Instruments 90Plus
Particle Size Analyzer.

Hao W., Liu S., Liu H., Mu X., Chen K., Xin Q, & Zhang X.D. (2020). In Vivo Neuroelectrophysiological Monitoring of Atomically Precise Au25 Clusters at an Ultrahigh Injected Dose. ACS Omega, 5(38), 24537-24545.

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Preparation of Perfluorocarbon-Stabilized Nanoemulsions

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The lipids 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC) and 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[amino(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-PEG2000) were purchased from Avanti Lipids (Alabaster, AL, USA) and liquid perfluorocarbon (perfluoropentane) was obtained from Fluoromed (Round Rock, TX, USA). Lipids (190 mg) were dissolved in chloroform in a molar ratio of 94:6 DPPC:DSPE-PEG2000. The solvent was evaporated, and the dry lipid film was rehydrated with 10 ml phosphate-buffered saline. The lipid solution was sonicated for 2 minutes at 20% power using a Vibra-Cell sonicator probe (Sonics & Materials, Newtown, CT, USA) before adding liquid perfluoropentane (C₅F₁₂) at a volume ratio of 4%. The mixture was sonicated at 25% power in pulsed mode (10 s on, 50 s off) in an ice-water bath for a total sonication time of 60 s, followed by 16 passes through 200 nm polycarbonate membrane filters (Whatman, Piscatway, NJ, USA) using a LIPEX extruder (Northern Lipids, Burnaby, BC, Canada). The mean size and polydispersity of the droplets measured using a particle size analyzer (90Plus Particle Size Analyzer, Brookhaven Instruments, Holtsville, NY, USA) was 169 ± 22 nm and 0.17 ± 0.05, respectively. The resulting PSNE solutions were stored at 4 °C until use.

Kopechek J.A., Park E.J., Zhang Y.Z., Vykhodtseva N.I., McDannold N.J, & Porter T.M. (2014). Cavitation-enhanced MR-guided focused ultrasound ablation of rabbit tumors in vivo using phase shift nanoemulsions. Physics in medicine and biology, 59(13), 3465-3481.

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Rapid Zeta Potential Measurement

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The ζ-potential was measured within 30 min of sample preparation. The measurements were recorded in triplicate, and the averages of the results were used for data representation purposes using a 90Plus Particle Size Analyzer (Brookhaven Instruments Corp., NY, USA).

Garcia C.R., Rad A.T., Saeedinejad F., Manojkumar A., Roy D., Rodrigo H., Chew S.A., Rahman Z., Nieh M.P, & Roy U. (2022). Effect of drug-to-lipid ratio on nanodisc-based tenofovir drug delivery to the brain for HIV-1 infection. Nanomedicine, 17(13), 959-978.

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