Focus software

Fresh fruiting bodies of the fungi growing on the angiosperm stump, on the stump of angiosperm were collected from the Honghe of Yunnan Province, China. The samples were photographed in situ, and fresh macroscopic details were recorded [31 (link)]. Photographs were recorded by a Jianeng 80D camera. All of the photos were focus-stacked and merged using Helicon Focus software. Macroscopic details were recorded and transported to a field station where the fruit body was dried on an electronic food dryer at 45 °C. Once dried, the specimens were sealed in an envelope and zip lock plastic bags and labeled [44 (link)]. The dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium of the Southwest Forestry University (SWFC), Kunming, Yunnan Province, China.

Descriptions were made based on specimens fixed in 75% ethanol. The specimens were examined and measured using an Olympus SZX16 stereomicroscope. The details were studied with an Olympus BX53 compound microscope. Male palp and female genitalia were drawn after they were dissected from the spiders. Photos were taken with a Canon PowerShot G12 digital camera mounted on an Olympus SZX16. Compound focus images were generated using Helicon Focus software.
All measurements are given in millimeters. Leg measurements are giving as total length (femur, patella + tibia, metatarsus, tarsus). Abbreviations used are as follows: AER

anterior eye row

; AERW

anterior eye row width

; ALE

anterior lateral eyes

; AME

anterior median eyes

; EL

eye field length

; PER

posterior eye row

, PERW

posterior eye row

; PLE

posterior lateral eyes

. Specimens are deposited in the College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University in Changsha, China.

Dry specimens and dissected structures were observed using a Bresser Advance ICD10-160X microscope. Illustrations were made using a Canon EOS 6D Mark II, coupled with a Canon EF 100mm f/2.8L Macro USM and a Macro Ring Lite MR-14EX. Images were stacked using Helicon Focus software.

Our terminology follows McKittrick 1964 [34] , Grandcolas 1996 [35] , Anisyutkin 2010 [36] and Anisyutkin 2013 [37] (link). The genital segments of the examined specimens were macerated in 10% KOH and observed in glycerin with a Zeiss Discovery V12 stereomicroscope. Wings were floated in hot water until fully spread, embedded in neutral balsam, then mounted on slides and covered with coverslips. Drawings were made using a Zeiss Discovery V12 stereomicroscope fitted with a Canon PowerShot G1X digital camera and drawn using Adobe Illustrator CS6. All images of specimens were photographed using a Canon 60D plus a Canon EF 100 mm f/2.8L IS USM Macro lens combined with Helicon Focus software. All specimens studied were pinned in a natural posture and deposited in the medical vector collections of the Zhongshan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (ZSCIQ). The specimens we collected in China fully match other published morphological descriptions of H. concinna individuals from other geographic locations [6] , [38] , [39] .

The fresh fruiting bodies of the fungi growing on fallen angiosperm branches and fallen Pinus armandii branches were collected from Honghe, Wenshan, and Yuxi of Yunnan Province, China. The samples were photographed in situ, and fresh macroscopic details were recorded. Photographs were recorded by a Jianeng 80D camera. All of the photos were focus stacked and merged using Helicon Focus software. Macroscopic details were recorded and transported to a field station where the fruit body was dried on an electronic food dryer at 45 °C. Once dried, the specimens were sealed in an envelope and zip-lock plastic bags and labeled [43 (link)]. The dried specimens were deposited in the herbarium of the Southwest Forestry University (SWFC), Kunming, China.

The terminology mainly follows Roth (2003) . The terms for wing-veins are according to Li and Wang (2015) (link). Morphological terms referring to spines are as follows: spines on the antero-ventral margin of the front femur with one or more proximal stout spines succeeded by a row of spinules of uniform length, terminating in two (B₂) or three (B₃) large spines (Type B); while the proximal stout spines absent (Type C) (Roth 2003 ). Genital segments of the examined specimens were macerated in 10% NaOH and observed in glycerin jelly using a Motic K400 stereomicroscope. All drawings were made with the aid of a Motic K400 stereomicroscope. Photographs of the specimens were taken using a Canon 50D plus a Canon EF 100mm f/2.8L IS USM Macro lens with the aid of Helicon Focus software. Material examined, including types of new species, is deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Southwest University (IESWU) in Beibei, Chongqing, China.

Specimens were deposited in the following collection: MCTP, Coleção de Aracnídeos, Porto Alegre (curator: Renato Augusto Teixeira) and the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History (SMNH), Arachnida and Myriapoda collection, Washington DC (curator: Hannah Wood). We attempted DNA extraction and amplification of DNA barcodes from legs of borrowed specimens preserved in ethanol, however this yielded no viable DNA. Specimens were then mounted for photography by being partially submerged in a Petri dish of ethyl alcohol gel (hand sanitizer) for stabilization, and then fully covered with liquid ethyl alcohol to prevent glare. Photographs were taken in the dorsal, ventral, and lateral views of the specimen with a Canon 5D camera with a 65mm macro zoom lens. Multiple photographs taken with a narrow depth of field were combined using Helicon Focus software to present a single photograph of the entire specimen in detail. Measurements were performed in Adobe Photoshop using camera lens and zoom magnification to determine scale. Epigyna were photographed before being dissected from the specimen. Soft tissue was then dissolved using a diluted potassium hydroxide solution and cleared epigyna were photographed in ventral and dorsal views. Left male pedipalps were removed before being photographed. Diagnostic descriptions of abdominal morphological features follow (Agnarsson et al. 2018 (link)).