For flow cytometric analysis, PE/Cy7 anti-CD117 (1:50, BioLegend, 313212), APC anti-CXCR4 (1:25, BioLegend, 306510), mouse anti-Villin (1:200, BD Transduction Laboratories, 610359) rabbit anti-GPR49/ Lgr5 (1:200, MBL, LS-A-1235) and rabbit anti-Phospho-Smad2 (1:200, Cell signalling, 3101) were used.
For western blotting analysis, mouse anti-alpha-Tubulin (1:2000, Developmental Studies Hybridoma Bank, University of Iowa, 12G10), rabbit anti-Smad2 (1:1000, Cell signalling, 5399S), rabbit anti-Phospho-Smad2 (1:1000, Cell signalling, 3101) and mouse anti-Activated-beta-catenin (1:300, Millipore, 05–665) were used.