A gas chromatograph of the Thermo Electron type (Trace GC Ultra) and a mass spectrometer system of the Thermo Electron Trace MS type were used for the chromatographic examination of EOs (Thermo Electron: Trace Ultra GC, Polaris Q MS). The fragmentation was achieved with an electronic impact intensity of 70 eV. A DB-5 column (5% phenyl-methyl-siloxane) (30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 m film thickness) and a flame ionization detector (FID) powered by a mixture of He gas/air were installed in the chromatograph. For 5 min, the column temperature was designed to rise at a rate of 4 °C/min from 50 to 200 °C. The used carrier gas was nitrogen, flowing at a rate of 1 mL/min in the split injection mode (leak rate: 1/70). By comparing the essential oil compounds’ Kováts index (KI) and Adams to those of the reference products noted in the literature, the essential oil compounds were identified [57 (link),58 ]. Additionally, the mass spectra and indexes of each of these compounds were compared to those in the aforementioned databases [59 ]. The retention duration of any product is compared using the Kováts index to a linear alkane with the same carbon number.
Polaris q ms
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States
The Polaris Q MS is a single quadrupole mass spectrometer designed for routine analytical applications. It provides accurate mass detection and quantification of a wide range of analytes.
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Lab products found in correlation
6 protocols using polaris q ms
1
GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oils
2
Gas Chromatographic Analysis of Essential Oils
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The chromatographic analysis of the essential oils from the aerial part of the two plants was carried out on a gas chromatograph of the Thermo Electron type (Trace GC Ultra) coupled to a mass spectrometer of the Thermo Electron Trace MS system type (Thermo Electron: Trace GC Ultra; Polaris Q MS), fragmentation was carried out by the electronic impact of intensity 70 eV. The chromatograph was equipped with a DB-5 (5% phenyl-methyl-siloxane) type column (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25μm film thickness), a flame ionization detector (FID) powered by a mixture of He gas/Air. The temperature of the column was programmed at a rate of a rise of 4 °C/min from 50 to 200 °C for 5 min. The injection mode was split (leakage ratio: 1/70, flow rate mL/min), the carrier gas used was nitrogen with a flow rate of 1 mL/min. The identification of the chemical composition of the essential oils of the two plants was carried out based on the comparison of their Kováts index (KI) and Adams with those of the reference products known in the literature [80 (link),81 ]. It was supplemented by a comparison of indices and mass spectra with different references [82 ,83 ]. The Kováts index compares the retention time of any product with that of a linear alkane of the same carbon number.
3
Determining Lignin Composition by Py-GC/MS
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The S/G ratio was determined in the starch-free AIR by pyrolysis coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (py–GC/MS), as described by Ralph and Hatfield [88 (link)]. Sub-samples of 0.5 mg were pyrolyzed at 550 °C using the pyroprobe 5200 (CDS Analytical, Inc., Oxford, PA, USA) connected to a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC/MS) system (Agilent 6890) composed of a Trace GC Ultra and a Polaris-Q MS (Thermo Electron Corporation, Waltham, MA, USA) equipped with a TR-SMS column (60 m 0.25 mm ID 0.25 lm) and operated in split mode (40 mL min−1) using He as carrier. The chromatograph program was set as follows: 5 min at 50 °C, followed by an increase of 5 °C min−1 to 300 °C, finally maintained at 300 °C for 5 min. Pyrolysis products were identified on the basis of their mass spectra using the NIST08 mass spectrum library (Table 3 ). Compounds of S, G and H origin were quantified from the pyrogram using the peak area. The S/G ratio was calculated as the sum of all peak areas of S molecules divided by the sum of all peak areas of G molecules; 4-vinylguaiacol and 4-vinylphenol were detected but, since these compounds are largely released from ferulates and p-coumarate esters in grass species [53 (link), 89 (link)], they were omitted from the lignin monomer estimation.
4
GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oils
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The analysis of the EOs’ chromatography was done using a gas chromatograph of the Thermo Electron type (Trace GC Ultra) coupled to a mass spectrometer of the Thermo Electron Trace MS system type (Thermo Electron: Trace GC Ultra; Polaris Q MS), where the fragmentation is done by electron impact with a 70 eV intensity. The chromatograph has a flame ionization detector (FID) driven by an H2/Air gas mixture and a DB-5 type column (5% phenyl-methyl-siloxane) measuring 30 m × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm film thickness. For 5 min, the column temperature will rise at a rate of 4 °C/min from 50 to 200 °C. Split injection is employed, with a leakage ratio of 1/70 and a flow rate of 1 mL/min for the vector gas nitrogen. By comparing the calculated Kovats indices (IK) of EOs with those of Adams and other reference products that were known to exist in the literature [68 ,69 ], the chemical composition of EOs was identified. It was enhanced by comparing indices and mass spectra with other references [68 ].
5
GC-MS Analysis of Lavender Essential Oil
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The analysis of the lavender EO samples was carried out by a Thermo Electron type gas chromatograph (Trace GC Ultra) coupled to a Thermo Electron Trace MS system mass spectrometer (Thermo Electron: Trace GC Ultra; Polaris Q MS). Fragmentation is carried out by electronic impact with an intensity of 70 eV. The chromatograph is equipped with a DB-5 column (5% phenyl-methyl-siloxane) (30 m × 0.25 mm x 0.25 μm film thickness), and a flame ionization detector (FID) powered by a mixture of H2/Air gas. The column temperature is programmed at a rate of 4°C/min from 50°C to 200°C for 5 min. The device has a split–splitless PVT (Programmed Vaporization Temperature) injector. Split injection is employed, with a leakage ratio of 1/70 and a flow rate of 1 mL/min for the vector gas nitrogen.
The identification of the constituents of essential oils was made based on the determination and comparison of the Kovats indices (KI) of the compounds with those of the standard products known and described in the databases of Kovats (1965) and Adams (2007) , By conducting a comparison of the peak retention periods with the known legitimate standards present in the authors’ laboratory, as well as comparing the stated KI and MS data with the mass spectral database standards of WILEY and NIST 14, along with published literature.
The identification of the constituents of essential oils was made based on the determination and comparison of the Kovats indices (KI) of the compounds with those of the standard products known and described in the databases of Kovats (1965) and Adams (2007) , By conducting a comparison of the peak retention periods with the known legitimate standards present in the authors’ laboratory, as well as comparing the stated KI and MS data with the mass spectral database standards of WILEY and NIST 14, along with published literature.
6
GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oils
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The chromatographic analysis of EO samples was carried out using a Thermo-Electron-type gas chromatograph (Trace GC Ultra) coupled to a Thermo-Electron Trace MS system mass spectrometer (Thermo Electron: Trace GC Ultra; Polaris Q MS). Fragmentation is carried out by an electronic impact (70 eV intensity). The chromatograph is equipped with a DB-5 column (5% phenyl methyl-siloxane) (30m × 0.25mm × 0.25μm), a flame ionization detector (FID) supplied by a mixture of H2 / Air gas. The temperature of the column increases with a gradient of 4 ° C/min from 50 to 200 ° C. for 5 min. The injection mode is split (leak 1/70, flow rate ml/min), nitrogen is used as a carrier gas with a flow rate of 1 ml/min.
Identification of EO chemical composition was performed through the comparison of compounds' Kovats (IK) indices with those of standard products known from the literature (Kovats 1965, Adams, 2007) . This step was supplemented by a comparison of Kovats's indices of the compounds as well as their mass spectra with those gathered in reference documents (Adams, 2007 , National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2014). Kovats's indices compare the retention time of any product with the retention time of a linear alkane containing the same carbon number. They are determined by injecting a mixture of the alkanes (C7-C40 standard) under the same operating conditions.
Identification of EO chemical composition was performed through the comparison of compounds' Kovats (IK) indices with those of standard products known from the literature (Kovats 1965, Adams, 2007) . This step was supplemented by a comparison of Kovats's indices of the compounds as well as their mass spectra with those gathered in reference documents (Adams, 2007 , National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2014). Kovats's indices compare the retention time of any product with the retention time of a linear alkane containing the same carbon number. They are determined by injecting a mixture of the alkanes (C7-C40 standard) under the same operating conditions.
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