C57bl kalawrij sharpincpdm rijsunj

All animal experiments were performed with the approval of the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee at the National Center of Biomedical Analysis in Beijing. Animals were housed in a pathogen-free facility under a 12-h light cycle. All embryos used for this study were obtained from natural mattings of virgin females of 8–10 weeks of age. Noon on the day of the discovery of a vaginal plug was considered embryonic day E0.5. The SHARPIN-deficient (C57BL/KaLawRij -Sharpin^cpdm/ RijSunJ, abbreviated to Sharpin^cpdm/cpdm) mice were purchased from Jackson Laboratory^{57 (link)}. Sharpin^cpdm/cpdm mice carry a spontaneous mutation in exon 1 of the Sharpin gene, resulting in the frame shift and premature termination of the SHARPIN protein. For genotyping of cpdm mice, exon 1 of the Sharpin gene was amplified by PCR using primers (Mouse Sharpin-F and Mouse Sharpin-R, Supplementary Data 3) and analyzed by direct sequencing to identify a guanine deletion. The sex of embryos was not determined for the analyses conducted in this study.