For pharmacological experiments, drug effects were recorded at 5–10 minutes after the addition of the compounds to the perfusion fluid. Agents were used at the following concentrations: mibefradil (Tocris): 20 μM, 2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (AP5, Tocris): 50 μM, tetrodotoxin (TTX, Tocris): 100 nM, picrotoxin (PTX, Tocris): 6 μM, NBQX (Tocris): 10 μM, 4-AP (Tocris): 100–500 μM. For cell autonomous inhibition of Na+ channels, QX 314 (HelloBio) was added to the intracellular solution in 5 mM concentration. To specifically block postsynaptic GABAA receptors, we included picrotoxin in the pipette solution at 10 μM concentration (Inomata et al., 1988 (link); Metherate and Ashe, 1993 (link); Yazaki-Sugiyama et al., 2009 (link)). All other materials, including standard salts, were acquired from Sigma or Fisher Scientific.
Qx 314
Manufactured by Hello Bio
Sourced in United Kingdom
QX 314 is a small molecule that can be used to inhibit sodium channel activity in experimental settings. Its core function is to block the opening of sodium channels, which play a critical role in the generation and propagation of action potentials in cells.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Mibefradil, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Tetrodotoxin ttx, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Picrotoxin ptx, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
2 amino 5 phosphonopentanoic acid ap 5, by Bio-Techne (1 mentions)
Ketamine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Amitriptyline, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Duloxetine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Pregabalin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Lidocaine, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Adp ribose, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
2 protocols using qx 314
1
Pharmacological Modulation of Neural Activity
2
Pharmacological Reagent Preparation Protocol
Check if the same lab product or an alternative is used in the 5 most similar protocols
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Amitriptyline, duloxetine, ketamine, lidocaine, pregabalin, ADP-ribose were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Taufkirchen, Germany). QX-314 was obtained from Hello Bio (Bristol, UK). Citalopram, escitalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline were purchased from Biozol (Munich, Germany). Dilution series of stock solutions of these substances were prepared in nominal calcium-free saline containing (in mM) 140 NaCl, 5 KCl, 2 MgCl 2 , 10 glucose, 10 HEPES, and 5 EGTA, adjusted to pH 7.4 using NaOH. All test solutions were prepared directly before experiments.
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