Confluent HFF were grown on glass coverslips in 24-well plates and were infected with
N. caninum tachyzoites, either NC-1 isolate or different clones expressing variants of hem-agglutinin-tagged NcGRA9 (NcGRA9-HA variants). Infected cultures were maintained for different time spans, depending on the experiments as indicated in the text. The immunofluorescent staining was performed according to Guinoaud et al. (2010) with the following adaptations: methanol/acetone permeabilization for 20 min, final DAPI concentration 0.5
μg/ml, coverslips mounted in
Fluoromount-G (Southern Biotech, Birmingham, USA), and analyses with Zeiss
LSM 780 confocal microscope.
For immunolabeling of extracellular
N. caninum tachyzoites the parasites were harvested as described above, suspended in medium and small droplets of the suspension was placed onto coverslips. The samples were air-dried and immunofluorescence staining was performed as described above.
Primary antibodies used were rabbit anti-NcGRA9 antiserum or
rabbit anti-HA (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, USA), both used at a dilution of 1 : 1000. As secondary antibodies
goat anti-rabbit cy2 or cy3 (Dianova, West Grove, USA) were used at 1 : 1000 dilution.
Leineweber M., Spekker-Bosker K., Ince V., Schares G., Hemphill A., Eller S.K, & Däubener W. (2017). First Characterization of the Neospora caninum Dense Granule Protein GRA9. BioMed Research International, 2017, 6746437.