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Betanin

Manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry
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Sourced in Japan

Betanin is a natural red-violet pigment derived from the beetroot plant. It is a water-soluble compound commonly used as a colorant in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical applications.

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Lab products found in correlation

Copper sulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Copper 2 sulfate, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sodium nitrite, by Fujifilm (1 mentions) A23187, by Cayman Chemical (1 mentions) Papaverine hydrochloride, by Sumitomo Pharma (1 mentions) Lithium fluoride lif, by Merck Group (1 mentions) 2 2 2 1 3 5 benzinetriyl tris 1 phenyl 1 h benzimidazole, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Gelatin solution, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Glycine betaine, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Streptozotocin (stz), by Merck Group (1 mentions) Sybr green master mix, by Takara Bio (1 mentions) Methanol, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Hematoxylin, by Merck Group (1 mentions) Cdna synthesis kit, by Biofact (1 mentions) Paraffin, by Merck Group (1 mentions)

5 protocols using betanin

1

Betanin Alleviates Aortic Cross-Clamping Injury

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The study was approved by the Institutional Ethics Board with a decision number 2016-107. Twenty-eight healthy adult male Spraque-Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus) weighing 250-350 g were used for the study. All rats were kept on an ad libitum rat feed and water under optimal conditions in accordance with the protocol for ethical care of laboratory animals.
Rats were divided into 4 groups. Sham group (Group 1; n = 7) underwent only laparotomy without aortic clamping. The control group (Group 2; n = 7) underwent only aortic clamping procedure after laparotomy. In the betanin group (Group 3; n = 7), a dosage of 100 mg/kg of betanin (Tokyo chemical industry CO., Ltd., Japan; cat# B0397) was administered intraperitoneally (i.p.) 60 minutes before laparotomy and aortic cross clamping. Copper sulfate group (Group 4, n = 7) received copper (II) sulfate (Sigma, cat# C2284) i.p. at a dose of 0.1 mg/kg/day for 7 days before laparotomy and aortic cross clamping.
Tural K., Ozden O., Bilgi Z., Kubat E., Ermutlu C.S., Merhan O., Findik Guvendi K, & Kucuker S.A. (2020). The protective effect of betanin and copper on heart and lung in end‑organ ischemia reperfusion injury. Bratislavske lekarske listy, 121(3).
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2

Vasoactive Compounds Characterization

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The following drugs were used: betanin (Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan); PGF 2α (Pharmacia-Upjohn, Tokyo, Japan); bradykinin and ET-1 (Peptide Institute Inc., Osaka, Japan); A23187 (Cayman Chemical Co., Ann Arbor, MI); sodium nitrite (Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd., Osaka, Japan); sodium nitroprusside and KCl (Nacalai Tesque, Kyoto, Japan); papaverine hydrochloride (Dainippon-Sumitomo Pharma Co., Osaka, Japan). Sodium bicarbonate buffer (pH 9.2) and dimethyl sulfoxide were used as a solvent for PGF 2α and A23187, respectively. Distilled water was used to dissolve all other drugs and to prepare serial dilutions, as required, from stocks on the same day of the experiment.
Tawa M., Masuoka T., Yamashita Y., Nakano K, & Ishibashi T. (2020). Effect of Betanin, a Beetroot Component, on Vascular Tone in Isolated Porcine Arteries. American journal of hypertension, 33(4).
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3

Organic Optoelectronic Device Fabrication

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The control sample of betanin for the experiments was purchased from Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., LTD. The acetone (99.8%) was purchased from the Carl Roth Company. The electronic grade glass coated with Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) (180 nm, 10 Ω □−1, work function indicated by the supplier) was purchased from Kintec, which was used as a Hole Transport Layer (HTL). Lithium Fluoride (LiF) and 2,2′,2′′-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi) were purchased from Sigma Aldrich and their parameter of work functions were indicated in the product by the supplier. LiF works as Electron Injection Layer (EIL) and TPBi as the Electron Transport Layer (ETL), respectively and the aluminium pellets were acquired from the company Heraeus Group.
Rivera Tito H.A., Hernández-Sosa G., Romero-Nieto C., Regulska E., Jürgensen N., Zimmermann J., Salazar-Salinas K, & Quintana Caceda M.E. (2020). Extraction of 2′-O-apiosyl-6′-O-crotonic acid-betanin from the ayrampo seed (Opuntia soehrensii) cuticle and its use as an emitting layer in an organic light-emitting diode. RSC Advances, 10(60), 36695-36703.
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4

Acetylcholinesterase Inhibition Assay

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AlbuMAX™| Lipid-Rich BSA Cat#11020021, M/s Gibco™ and 5,5′-Dithiobis (2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB; Ellman’s Reagent) Cat# 22582, M/s Gibco™ were purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Acetylthoicholine chloride (ATCCl) Cat # A5626 M/s Sigma Aldrich, Gelatin solution Cat # G1393 M/s Sigma Aldrich, Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) from Electric eel Cat # C3389 M/s Sigma Aldrich were purchased from Sigma. Betanin Cat # B0397 was purchased from TCI America and glycine betaine Cat # B2629 was purchased from Sigma Aldrich.
Rehman S., Ali Ashfaq U., Sufyan M., Shahid I., Ijaz B, & Hussain M. (2022). The Insight of In Silico and In Vitro evaluation of Beta vulgaris phytochemicals against Alzheimer’s disease targeting acetylcholinesterase. PLoS ONE, 17(3), e0264074.
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5

Betanin Modulation of STZ-Induced Diabetes

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STZ was purchased from Sigma Aldrich (Germany) and betanin was purchased from TCI (Japan). Rat insulin kit (ELISA) was provided from Bioassay Technology Laboratory (BT Lab), Shanghai Korain Biotech Co Ltd (China). The kits used for measuring aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) were obtained from Pars Azmoon, Iran. Ethanol, methanol, eosin, hematoxylin, and paraffin were purchased from MERCK (Germany). The total RNA isolation kit was provided from FAVORGEN (Taiwan). The cDNA synthesis kit was obtained from BioFACT (Korea) and SYBR Green Master Mix from TaKaRa (Japan).
betanin was purchased from TCI America (CAS Number: 7659-95-2, Product number: B0397, Lot number: 25XUG).
Abedimanesh N., Asghari S., Mohammadnejad K., Daneshvar Z., Rahmani S., Shokoohi S., Farzaneh A.H., Hosseini S.H., Jafari Anarkooli I., Noubarani M., Andalib S., Eskandari M.R, & Motlagh B. (2021). The anti-diabetic effects of betanin in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats through modulating AMPK/SIRT1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Nutrition & Metabolism, 18, 92.
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