Tan 1

Fresh SMB roots (PS01–PS12) were obtained from Mianchi (Henan, China), Fengxiang, Baoji, Shangnan, Luonan, Linyou, Baishui, Shanyang, Shangzhou, Tongguan, Huayin (Shaanxi, China) from Shaanxi Tasly Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Reference standards Tan I (HPLC ≥ 98%), Tan IIA (HPLC ≥ 98%), CTS (HPLC ≥ 98%) and DTS (HPLC ≥ 98%) were obtained from the Shanghai Yuanye Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (China). Chloroform-D (CDCl₃) were purchased from Qingdao Asfirst Science Co. Ltd. (D, 99.8%, Qingdao, China), 3,4,5-trichloropyridine were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Bio-chemical Technology Co. Ltd. (GC, 98%, Shanghai, China), in which CDCl₃ was used as solvent and 3,4,5-trichloropyridine was used as the internal standard (IS). Methanol and acetonitrile of chromatographic grade (TEDIA) were used for extraction and HPLC analysis. Analytical grade phosphoric acid (Damao Chemical Reagent Factory, Tianjin, China) was used for the HPLC analysis. The pure water used in this study was obtained using a Barnstead TII Super Pure Water System (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Boston, MA, USA).

DHT (purity ≥ 98.0%), Tan I (purity ≥ 98.0%), CT (purity ≥ 98.0%), Tan IIA (purity ≥ 98.0%), and D-luciferin potassium salt (purity ≥ 98.0%) were purchased from Yuanye Biotechnology (Shanghai, China). PMA, DDP, PTX, Dulbecco′s modified Eagle′s Medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640, 0.25% trypsin-EDTA, fetal bovine serum (FBS), and penicillin/streptomycin solution were purchased from Gibco (Grand Island 14072, NY, USA). Antibodies against β-actin, and goat anti-rabbit were purchased from Proteintech (Wuhan, China). Histone H3 (citrulline R2 + R8 + R17), Mpo, and Ly6G were purchased from Abcam (Cambridge, UK). Matrigel was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific (Waltham 02454, MA, USA). The dsDNA HS Assay Kit for Qubit was purchased from Yeasen (Shanghai, China). Crystal violet and ROS assay kits were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China).

Tan I (purity ≥98%) was purchased from Yuanye Bio-Technology (China) and its structure is shown in Figure 1A. The drug was dissolved in DMSO and stored at -20°C. RPMI 1640 medium was obtained from Cellmax (China) and the fetal bovine serum (FBS) was from Sijiqing (China). MTT assay kit and DAPI-staining kit were obtained from Beyotime Biotechnology (China) and Annexin V-FITC+PI double-staining kit was purchased from BD Biosciences (USA). RNA-Quick Purification Kit was purchased from Yishan Biotechnology (China) and both the mRNA reverse transcription kit and RT-PCR kit were obtained from Yeasen Biotechnology (China). BCA Protein Assay Kit was from Beyotime Biotechnology and the antibodies used in this study were purchased from Cell Signaling Technology (USA): cleaved caspase 3 (Cat 9664), cleaved caspase 9 (Cat 9505), cleaved PARP (Cat 5625), PUMA (Cat 12450P), Bcl-2 (Cat 3498), phospho-SAPK/JNK (Thr183/Tyr185) (Cat 4668), JNK (Cat 9252), phospho-p44/42 MAPK (ERK1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204) (Cat 4370), phospho-ATF-2 (Thr71) (Cat 5112), and β-actin (Cat 3700). Additionally, ERK1/2 (Cat AF0155) was from Affinity Biosciences (USA) and secondary antibodies were obtained from Santa Cruz Biotechnology (USA).