plates (cat# 3855, ThermoFisher Scientific, Waltham, MA) were coated
with LPS (2 µg/well, catalog# L2762 Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis,
MO) at 4°C overnight. After washing 3× in buffer
(PBS/0.05% Tween 20) and blocking with BSA (250 µl/well,
1% in PBS buffer), diluted mouse plasma (1:5 or 1:10 in
Mg2+-EGTA buffer) was incubated on an ELISA plate at 37°C for
1 h (50 µl/well). The plates were washed 3× in washing buffer
and then goat anti-mouse C3 Ab (100 µl/well, 1:4000 dilution in
1% BSA in PBS buffer; MP Cappel, CA) was added for 1 h. Wells were
washed 3× as above and incubated with HRP-conjugated anti-goat IgG (100
µl/well, 1:2000 dilution in 1% BSA in PBS buffer; Jackson
ImmunoResearch, PA) for 1 h. After 3 washes, Substrate Reagent (R&D
Systems, MN) was added for 10 min (100 µl/well). The reaction was
stopped with 50 µl 1 M H2SO4, and the OD of
samples was measured at 450 nm. Similar experiments were performed with normal
human serum and FD-depleted human serum supplemented with purified human FD
(CompTech, Tyler, Texas). The primary and second antibodies used in the LPS
assay with human serum are: Mouse anti-human C3d (ThermoScientific, #HYB
005-01-02) and HRP Donkey anti-Mouse IgG (Jackson Immunoresearch)
respectively.