Spss 22.0 statistics software

SPSS22.0 statistics software was used for all statistical analyses. Each grouped experiment was repeated 3 times and the averaged data from each group were compared with the other groups. The data are presented as the mean ± SD. Statistical analyses were carried out using ANOVA followed by the Dunnett’s post hoc test. Differences were considered statistically significant at p < 0.05.

We performed statistical analyses using Statistic Package for Social Science (SPSS) 22.0 statistics software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL), and listed measurement data in the form of mean and standard deviation (SD), enumeration data in terms of ratio. Chi-square test was used for enumeration data comparison between the DDD group and the normal group. Independent two-sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used to compare the differences of measurement data between the two groups. The general characteristics which were different between the two groups(P < 0.05) were used as a covariate to perform comparisons between radiological parameters and the level of significance was set at p < 0.05. For each parameter, diagnostic screening and confirmatory tests were performed by calculating true positive, true negative, false positive, false negative values, sensitivity and specificity of different cut-off points were calculated. ROC analysis was performed and AUC were calculated for radiological parameters to see which one had high discrimination performance with AUC being greater than 0.9 for the DDD with compensatory sagittal balance. The maximal Youden index (maxYI) of each parameter was also calculated. The cut-off point corresponding to it was taken as the threshold value that determine the optimal sensitivity-specificity pair.

The effect of terbinafine hydrochloride on mycelial growth against B. cinerea was determined by the mycelial growth rate method [31 (link)]. The terbinafine was dissolved by 0.5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The mycelial plugs were cut from the edge of the 5-day-old colony and then placed in sterile potato dextrose agar (PDA) with terbinafine at final concentrations of 0.20, 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.13, and 6.25 mg·L⁻¹. PDA medium containing an equal concentration of boscalid, which is registered as a cure for gray mold, was considered a positive control, and 0.5% DMSO was the blank control. The Petri dishes were sealed with parafilm and incubated in the dark at 23 ± 1 ℃ for 5 d, and each concentration was performed three times. Mycelial radial growth was measured, and the antifungal activity was expressed as the effective concentration for 50% of the maximal effect (EC₅₀). The relative inhibition of mycelial growth was determined using the following formula 1: $$\text{Mycelial}\text{growth}\text{inhibition}(\%)=(C-T)/C\times 100$$ where C and T are the average diameters (mm) of B. cinerea mycelia in the blank control and the treatment, respectively. The linear regression equation (Y = a + bx) and the coefficient (R²) were estimated by SPSS 22.0 statistics software and the EC₅₀ value was the logarithm value of x when Y = 5.

The statistical analyses were conducted, including continuous variables expressed as mean ± standard deviation (SD) with comparison by using Student’s t-test and categorical variables expressed as percentages with comparison by using the Chi-squared test or Fisher’s exact test. We focused on the analyses of the correlation between cardiac events and results of echocardiography, patient’s history of heart disease, ASA classification, and mortality. Statistical analyses were performed by using SPSS 22.0 statistics software and considered p value less than 0.05 as statistically significant.