Brainpet prototype

Patients with recurrent GBM to be treated with the standard dose of bevacizumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks were eligible to participate in this study. Patients could receive concomitant chemotherapy with lomustine every 6 weeks as well. Both bevacizumab and lomustine are approved therapies for GBM and the combination has been shown to improve progression-free survival but not overall survival.^{14 (link)} Measurable disease, defined by at least one lesion that could be measured in at least one dimension (longest diameter to be recorded) as > 10 mm, was required. Patients with lower grade tumors that had progressed to GBM were eligible and all patients had to be >12 weeks from the completion of radiation. All patients signed informed consent, and this trial was approved by the Dana-Farber Harvard Cancer Center IRB (NCT02076152) in accordance with U.S. Common Rule. Patients underwent a baseline simultaneous PET-MRI scan (using the BrainPET prototype integrated with the 3T TimTrio MR scanner, Siemens Healthineers) prior to starting bevacizumab and prior to the second and third doses of bevacizumab (week 2 and week 4 of treatment). Additionally, MRI-only scans were performed 1 day after the first bevacizumab infusion, and then every 6 weeks in the lomustine cohort or every 8 weeks in the bevacizumab monotherapy cohort (Supplementary Figure 1).