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6 protocols using renilla control plasmid

1

Notch Signaling Pathway Regulation

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Reporter assays were performed in triplicate as described in Maier et al. [26 (link)]. Schneider S2 cells (obtained from the DGRC) were transiently transfected with 1 μg of the NRE-luciferase reporter [33 (link)] and 0.2 μg of control Renilla plasmid (Promega) to normalize transfection. pMT-NICD was cotransfected with 0.5 μg of the relevant pMT-Su(H) construct and/or 0.5 μg pMT-Hairless. The total amount of transfected DNA was kept constant at 3 μg by using the pMT-A vector (Promega). Constructs were induced 6 h after transfection by adding 0.5 mM CuSO4; 18 h later, cells were harvested and luciferase activity was measured in duplicate with a luminometer (Lumat LB9507), using the dual-luciferase reporter assay system according to the manufacturer’s protocol (Promega). The effects of the addition of respective Su(H) variants relative to the controls were assessed statistically using ANOVA and Dunnett’s test (***p ≤ 0.001).
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2

Transient Transfection of 624mel Melanoma Cells

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Human 624mel melanoma cells [30] (link) were transiently transfected at approximately 90% confluency at passage three in 6-well plates. Triplicates for each construct were performed for each experiment. 2 µg of luciferase reporter plasmid (Promega) and 50 ng of control Renilla plasmid (Promega) were transfected into each well of a 6-well plate utilizing 4 µl of Lipofectamine 2000 CD reagent (Invitrogen) in Opti-MEM medium (Gibco). The cells were lysed 24 h post-transfection and Firefly and Renilla luciferase activities were measured using the Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega) with an Infinite M200 Luminometer (Tecan Munich GmbH, Kirchheim, Germany). Firefly values were divided by Renilla values to normalize for fluctuations in plated cells and transfection efficiency. Expression values of all test constructs were compared to the expression of the empty vector. Transfections were independently repeated four times per experiment. Values were transformed utilizing a transformation selector [31] (LN BASE e (X+1)) followed by a one way analysis of variance (Holm-Sidak method) (SigmaPlot v12).
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3

Optimized Hypoxia Signaling Assay

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Custom-made gene synthesis was performed by Eurofins. Briefly, coral sequences were submitted to GENEius for human codon usage optimization to improve gene expression in HEK cells. A His-tag coding sequence for SpiHIFα and for SpiHIFβ coding sequence was added at the 5’ end of each gene respectively. The synthetic genes were then subcloned in pIRES2-DsRed-Express (Clontech). Both plasmids were verified by DNA Sanger sequencing.
For luciferase assays, HEK 293T cells were used because they possess high transfection efficiency. Briefly, subconfluent cells were co-transfected using Lipofectamine 2000 (Life Technologies) with 0.2 μg of HIF subunits and, 1 μg of the reporter vector (pRE-tk-LUC) containing three copies of the HRE from the erythropoietin gene [17 (link)]. The Renilla control plasmid (0.2 μg—Promega) was cotransfected with the test plasmids to control for the transfection efficiency. Luciferase activity was measured 48h post transfection.
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4

Luciferase Assay for miR-221-222 Targeting

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Two reporter plasmids that could recognize the miR-221-222 target PUMA 3’UTR were constructed into pmiR-REPORT plasmid (#AM5795, Life technology), pmiR-PUMA-wt and pmiR-PUMA-mut, that served as conserved and nonconserved target sites of PUMA 3’-UTR, respectively. The sequences were as follows: pmiR-PUMA-wt(F), CGCGTGACTTTCTCTGCACCATGTAGCAGACTTTCTCTGCACCATGTAGCAGACTTTCTCTGCACCATGTAGCAGGATCCA; pmiR- PUMA-wt(R), AGCTTGGATCCTGCTACATGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCTGCTACATGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCTGCTACATGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCA; pmiR-PUMA-Mut(F), CGCGTGACTTTCTCTGCACCTACATCGTGACTTTCTCTGCACCTACATCGTGACTTTCTCTGCACCTACATCGTGGATCCA; pmiR- PUMA-Mut (R), AGCTTGGATCCACGATGTAGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCACGATGTAGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCACGATGTAGGTGCAGAGAAAGTCA. The primers were annealed and inserted into the pmiR-Reporter construct (Ambion). Empty pmiR plasmid (pmiR-0) served as a negative control. Triplicate samples of 1×104 MM1S and MM1R cells in 24-well plates were transfected using lipofectamine-2000 (Invitrogen) with 0.1μg of the reporter plasmids and 0.05 μg of Renilla control plasmid (Promega). Six hours after transfection, the cells were fed with fresh DMEM with 10% FBS and incubated overnight. Cell extracts were then prepared, and luciferase assays were performed using the Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega). Luciferase activities were normalized with respect to parallel Renilla activities.
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5

Evaluating Luciferase Activity in Glioma Cell Lines

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Luciferase activity was evaluated using the Dual Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega, USA). The human brain glioma U-87MG and U251 cell lines were transfected with TOP-flash or FOP flash plasmid (Promega, USA) along with an internal Renilla control plasmid (Promega, USA) according to the manufacturer’s protocol.
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6

Cloning and Characterizing Reporter Plasmids

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Reporter plasmids were constructed by cloning the 5kb upstream genomic region of PST and STX amplified using Expand Long Range dNTPack (Roche) with ligation into a pGL4.1 Luciferase plasmid (Promega). Cells were plated onto 24-well plates and transfected in triplicate with 1 μg reporter plasmid and 100 ng Renilla control plasmid (Promega) using the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System (Promega). Cells were collected and analyzed 48h after transfection and analyzed for luminescence by a Biotek Synergy 2 plate reader. Data are shown in triplicate with error bars indicating ± SD.
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