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6 protocols using anti smad1

1

Western Blot Analysis of BZW1, Smad, and TGF-β1

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Proteins were extracted by radioimmunoprecipitation assay (RIPA) Lysis buffer (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA) and quantified by bicinchoninic acid (BCA) Protein Assay Kit (Thermo Scientific, Rockford, IL, USA). 40 µg of protein per sample was separated onto 10% SDS-PAGE gels and transferred onto polyvinyl difluoride (PVDF) filter membrane (Bio-Rad, Hercules, CA, USA). Then, PVDF membranes were blocked with 5% non-fat dried milk for 2 h, and incubated with anti-BZW1 (1: 1000, ABcam Corp, USA), anti-Smad1 (1: 1000, ABcam Corp, USA), anti-p-Smad1 (1: 1000, ABcam Corp, USA), anti-Smad3 (1: 1000, ABcam Corp, USA), anti-p-Smad3 (1: 1000, ABcam Corp, USA), anti-TGF-β1 (1: 2000, ABcam Corp, USA) and anti-GAPDH (1: 2000, ABcam Corp, USA), respectively at 4 overnight. Finally, membranes were incubated with secondary antibodies (horseradish peroxidase-conjugated anti-rabbit). Signals were developed using an enhanced chemiluminescence reaction kit (Applygen Technologies, Beijing, China).
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2

Antibody-based Analysis of Cellular Signaling

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Antibodies were used in this study: monoclonal anti‐Smad1/5 (Cell Signaling Technology, 6944); anti‐pSmad1/5 (Cell Signaling Technology, 9516); anti‐Smad1 (Abcam, ab63356); anti‐Keratin 18 (CK18) (MutiSciences, 70‐ab36769‐050); anti‐p‐Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, 4060); anti‐Akt (Cell Signaling Technology, 2920); anti‐p‐Erk (Cell Signaling Technology, 4370); anti‐Erk (Cell Signaling Technology, 4695); anti‐Osteocalcin (OCN) (Biorbyt, orb259644); anti‐Ki67‐FITC (fluorescein isothiocyanate) (Biolegend, 652 409); anti‐BMP2 (Servicebio, GB11252); TRITC (Tetramethylrhodamine)‐conjugated anti‐Rabbit antibody (abclonal, AS040); FITC‐conjugated anti‐Mouse antibody (abclonal, AS001) and anti‐β‐Actin (Sigma, A1978). Reagents: BMP2 (R&D, 355‐BM‐100); 4',6‐diamidino‐2‐phenylindole (DAPI) (Solarbio, C0060) and carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl amino ester (CFSE) (eBioscience, 65‐0850‐84). Tris‐HCl, NaCl and other chemicals were from Sigma.
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3

Osteoblast Differentiation Protein Expression

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Cell proteins lysates from MC3T3-E1 cells were partitioned by 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and transferred to a PVDF membrane (EMD Millipore, Billerica, MA, USA). Blotting was carried out with spectific antibodies [anti-B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) associated X protein (Bax), 1:5,000 dilution, cat. no. ab32503; Abcam; anti-Bcl-2, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab692; Abcam; anti-OPN, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab8448; Abcam; anti-OCN, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab13418; Abcam; anti-Osterix, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab94744; Abcam; anti-BMP2, 1:500 dilution, cat. no. ab14933; Abcam; anti-Smad1, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab33902; Abcam; anti-Smad5, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab194661; Abcam; anti-Smad8, 1:5,000 dilution, cat. no. ab13723; Abcam; anti-RunX2, 1:500 dilution, cat. no. ab23981; Abcam; anti-β-actin, 1:1,000 dilution, cat. no. ab8227; Abcam]. After that, horseradish peroxidase-conjugated secondary antibodies (bs-0293M; Bioss, Beijing, China) were added and maintained at room temperature for 1 h. The results were assessed by enhanced chemiluminescent reagents (EMD Millipore) using an ECL system (Amersham Pharmacia, Piscataway, NJ, USA).
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4

Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Protein Analysis

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BMSCs were lysed using RIPA buffer (Sigma-Aldrich). Following detecting protein concentration, cell lysate was isolated using 10% SDS-PAGE, followed by being transferred on PVDF membranes. After incubating with primary antibodies (anti-BGLAP, anti-COL1A1, anti-RUNX2, anti-OCN, anti-OPN, anti-METTL14, anti-FTO, anti-ALKBH5, anti-WTAP, anti-RBM15, anti-VIRMA, anti-METTL3, anti-SMAD1, and anti-GAPDH, Abcam, Cambridge) at 4 °C overnight, the membranes were incubated with HRP-conjugated secondary antibody (Abcam) at 25 °C for 1 h. Bands were visualized using immobilon ECL ultra western HRP substrate (Sigma-Aldrich). The original bands are shown in the Supplementary material.
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5

Comprehensive Western Blot Analysis

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Western blot assays were performed as described previously,39 (link) using anti-ANP, anti-β-MHC, anti-α-SMA, anti-p-Smad1, anti-Smad1, anti-SRF, anti-E2F2, anti-PGC-1α, anti-NRF2 (Abcam), anti-ACTA1, anti-COL1A1, anti-COL3A1, anti-TRX2, anti-SOD2, anti-HO-1, anti-SRF (Proteintech), anti-SIRT1, anti-p-Smad3, anti-Smad3, anti-p-NF-кB p65, anti-NF-кB p65 (Cell Signaling Technology), anti-RB1or anti-GAPDH (Santa Cruz Biotechnology).
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6

Detailed Western Blot Analysis Protocol

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Western blot analysis was performed as described previously 63 (link), using the following antibodies: anti-NGFR, Cell Signaling, catalog # 8238S; anti-phospho-NF-κB p65 (Ser536), Cell Signaling, catalog #3033; anti-NF-κB p65 (D14E12), Cell Signaling, catalog #8242; anti-phospho-IκBα (Ser32), Cell Signaling, catalog # 2859; anti-IκBα, Novus Biologicals, catalog # NB100–56507; anti-p-SMAD1, Cell Signaling, catalog # 9516S; anti-SMAD1, abcam, catalog # ab63356; anti- Phospho-IKKα (Ser176)/IKKβ (Ser177), Cell Signaling, catalog #2078; anti-IKKβ, Cell Signaling, catalog #2678; anti-β-actin, Sigma-Aldrich, catalog # A5441; anti-RANKL, Novus Biologicals, Clone 12A668.
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