Red grape marc (Vitis vinifera L.) of the “Merlot” variety was obtained from the Pilot Laboratory of Microvinification at the Technical University of Moldova Chisinau, Republic of Moldova). The Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, tannic acid, acetonitrile and formic acid were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany); (+)-catechin (98%), quercetin, syringic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid (98%), protocatechuic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid (99.9%), ferulic acid methyl ester, DPPH, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid, citric acid (99.5%) and acetic acid (99.8%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany; Tokyo, Japan; Shanghai, China). Sinapic acid (98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar (Kandel, Germany). Procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2 and hyperoside were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). quercetin (>95%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Bangalore, India). Cyanidin 3-glucoside chloride (≥98%), peonidin 3-glucoside chloride (≥90%), malvidin 3-glucoside chloride (≥95%) and malvidin 3,5-diglucoside chloride (≥90%) were obtained from PhytoLab, (Vestenbergsgreuth, Germany). All spectrophotometric measurements were performed on the Analytik Jena Specord 200 Plus (Jena, Germany) spectrophotometer.
Sinapic acid
Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in Germany, Canada
Sinapic acid is a phenolic compound that serves as a chemical standard in various analytical techniques. It is commonly used in mass spectrometry as a matrix compound for the analysis of small molecules.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Hyperoside, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Procyanidin b1, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Procyanidin b2, by Extrasynthese (3 mentions)
Para hydroxybenzoic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Gallic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Quercetin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ferulic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Syringic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Protocatechuic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Folin ciocalteu reagent, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Formic acid, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Catechin, by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Ferulic acid methyl ester, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Salicylic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
2 2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (dpph), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Lutein, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Zeaxanthin, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
Gentisic acid, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Lycopene, by Extrasynthese (2 mentions)
5 protocols using sinapic acid
1
Comprehensive Characterization of Merlot Grape Marc
2
Phytochemical Characterization and Antioxidant Analysis
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The ABTS reagent was provided by Alfa Aesar, the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent was purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), and (+)-catechin 98%, quercetin, caffeic acid, syringic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid (98%), protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, salicylic acid (99.9%), para-coumaric acid, trans-5-O-caffeoylquinic) acid, epicatechin, vanillic acid, cis-resveratrol, ferulic acid methyl ester and DPPH were obtained from Sigma- Aldrich (Darmstadt, Germany, Tokyo, Japan, Shanghai, China). methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate (99%) and sinapic acid (98%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Kandel, Germany). Procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, polydatin, hyperoside, carotenoid standards, β-carotene, lycopene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, and zeaxanthin were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Trans-resveratrol was purchased from TCI Europe (Zwijndrecht, Belgium). The acetonitrile and the formic acid were purchased from Merck. quercetin (>95%) was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Bangalore, India). All spectrophotometric measurements were performed on the Analytik Jena Specord 200 Plus (Jena, Germany) spectrophotometer.
3
Phytochemical Profiling of Sorbus aucuparia Berries
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The Sorbus aucuparia L. berries were harvested from plantations from the Republic of Moldova. The ABTS reagent was provided by Alfa Aesar, the Folin–Ciocalteu reagent, formic acid, and acetronitrile were purchased from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany). (+)-catechin 98%, morin hydrate, ellagic acid (≥95%), benzoic acid, quercetin, caffeic acid, (+)-rutin trihydrate, syringic acid, ferulic acid, gallic acid (98%), protocatechuic acid, gentisic acid, parahydroxybenzoic acid, para-coumaric acid, quercetin (>95%), 3,5-dinitrobenzoic acid (99%), and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide were obtained from Sigma (Germany, Japan, China, India). D(-)-quinic acid (98%), sinapic acid (98%), and methyl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate (99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Kandel, Germany). Procyanidin B1, procyanidin B2, polydatin, hyperoside, carotenoid standards, β-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin were purchased from Extrasynthese (Genay, France). Trans-resveratrol was purchased from TCI Europe (Zwijndrecht, Belgium). All spectrophotometric measurements were performed on the Specord 200 Plus (Jena, Germany) spectrophotometer.
4
Extraction and Analysis of Canola Meal Phenolics
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The changes in the phenolic composition of defatted canola meal methanolic fractions extracted by ultrasound-assisted extraction were evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) as described by Nandasiri et al. [10 (link)]. The major phenolic compound, canolol, was identified using the authentic standard with purity of 98% and a detection limit of 0.001 mg/mL. The calibration curve for each standard compound was obtained from 1.0 to 100 μg/mL (n = 11) concentration range with R2 = 0.9994 for Sinapic acid, R2 = 0.9999 for canolol, and R2 = 0.9996 for sinapine. Sinapic acid (purity > 98%), gallic acid ≥ 98%, HPLC grade solvents and other analytical reagents were purchased from Fisher Scientific Canada Ltd (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Sinapine (purity > 97%) and canolol (purity > 97%) were purchased from ChemFaces® Biochemical Co., Ltd. (Wuhan, Hubei, China). A flow chart for the extraction of defatted canola meal-derived sinapates is shown in Figure 1 .
5
Phytochemical Profiling and Antioxidant Evaluation
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A Folin–Ciocalteu’s (FC) reagent, a total phenolic content (TPC) standard, iron (II) chloride hexahydrate (98%), iron (III) chloride hexahydrate (97%), iron (II) sulphate heptahydrate (99%), hydrogen chloride (HCl, 99%), sodium acetate, 2,4,6-tris-(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine (TPTZ > 98%), sinapic acid (>97%), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH, 97%), and formic acid were all purchased from Fisher Scientific Canada Ltd. (Ottawa, ON, Canada). Aluminum chloride (AlCl3), sodium nitrite (NaNO2), sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ferrozine, and disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (Na2EDTA) were purchased from Sigma Canada Ltd. (Mississauga, ON, Canada). Quercetin hydrate (>95%) and 2-amino-ethyl-diphenyl borate (98%) were purchased from Acros (Mississauga, ON, Canada).
Extraction reagents, including methanol (optima grade) and ethanol (analytical grade), and standard compounds for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were purchased from Sigma Canada Ltd. (Mississauga, ON, Canada).
Extraction reagents, including methanol (optima grade) and ethanol (analytical grade), and standard compounds for high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) were purchased from Sigma Canada Ltd. (Mississauga, ON, Canada).
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