Sulfaphenazole

Manufactured by Merck Group

Sourced in United States, China, Germany

Sulfaphenazole is a laboratory reagent used in chemical synthesis and analysis. It is a sulfonamide compound with molecular formula C₁₄H₁₁N₃O₂S. Sulfaphenazole is commonly used as an analytical standard and in various organic reactions.

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Lab products found in correlation

Quinidine, by Merck Group (37 mentions) Ketoconazole, by Merck Group (27 mentions) Furafylline, by Merck Group (21 mentions) Chlorzoxazone, by Merck Group (16 mentions) Glucose 6 phosphate dehydrogenase, by Merck Group (16 mentions) Phenacetin, by Merck Group (14 mentions) Clomethiazole, by Merck Group (14 mentions) 7 hydroxycoumarin, by Merck Group (14 mentions) D glucose 6 phosphate, by Merck Group (12 mentions) Ticlopidine, by Merck Group (12 mentions) Tranylcypromine, by Merck Group (12 mentions) Acetaminophen, by Merck Group (12 mentions) Paclitaxel, by Merck Group (12 mentions) α naphthoflavone, by Merck Group (12 mentions) 4 hydroxymephenytoin, by Merck Group (10 mentions) 6 hydroxychlorzoxazone, by Merck Group (10 mentions) 6β hydroxytestosterone, by Merck Group (10 mentions) Diclofenac, by Merck Group (10 mentions) Dextromethorphan, by Merck Group (9 mentions) Diclofenac, by ICN Biomedicals (9 mentions)

55 protocols using sulfaphenazole

Synthesis and Characterization of N-Sulfonylhydrazone Prototypes

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N-sulfonylhydrazone
prototypes, LASSBio-1771 (1), LASSBio-1772 (2), LASSBio-1773 (3), LASSBio-1774 (4),
and the internal standard (IP), biphenyl l-4-carboxylate methyl, were
synthesized at the Laboratório de Avaliação
e Síntese de Substâncias Bioativas (LASSBio,
UFRJ, Brazil) with ≥98% pure by HPLC (see the Supplemental Data). HPLC grade solvents and reagents, i.e., acetonitrile, methanol, and formic acid (96%), were
purchased from Tedia-Brazil. Type I grade water produced by an ultrapure
water purification system (Master System MS2000, Gehaka, Brazil) was
used in experiments and HPLC analysis. Bis(p-nitrophenyl)
phosphate sodium salt, D-glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate
dehydrogenase, β-nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
(NADP+), magnesium chloride hexahydrate, quinidine, sulfaphenazole,
furafylline, p-nitrophenol, ketoconazole, bicinchoninic
acid (BCA) protein assay kit, and salts used for buffer preparation
were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO).

Guedes J.D., Carneiro T.R., Pinheiro P.D., Fraga C.A., Sant′Anna C.M., Barreiro E.J, & Lima L.M. (2022). Methyl Effect on the Metabolism, Chemical Stability, and Permeability Profile of Bioactive N-Sulfonylhydrazones. ACS Omega, 7(43), 38752-38765.

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In Vitro Metabolism of Cannabinoids

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THC and CBD were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (Merck, Germany). Alpha-naphthoflavone, ticlopidine, ketoconazole, sulfaphenazole, methoxsalen, trimethoprim, quindine, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH), ethyl acetate, GSH, Cys, and formic acid were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). The MLM and HLM systems were provided by Bioreclamationivt Inc. (Hicksville, NY, USA). Recombinant human P450 enzymes were purchased from Xenotecch, LLC (Kansas City, MO, USA). All organic reagents were of the highest commercially available grade.

Rao Q., Zhang T., Dai M., Li B., Pu Q., Zhao M., Cheng Y., Yan D., Zhao Q., Wu Z.E, & Li F. (2022). Comparative Metabolomic Profiling of the Metabolic Differences of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol and Cannabidiol. Molecules, 27(21), 7573.

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Characterization of Kurarinone Metabolism

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Kurarinone (>98%) was purchased from BioBioPha Co., Ltd. (Kunming, China). Glucose-6-phosphate, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADP⁺, D-Glucose-6-phosphate, Tris-HCl, 7-hydroxycoumarin, 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MU), 4-methylumbelliferone-β-D-glucuronide, uridine 5′-diphosphoglucuronic acid (UDPGA; trisodium salt), phenacetin, diclofenac, dextromethorphan, chlorzoxazone, testosterone, (S)-mephenytoin, sulfaphenazole, quinidine, clomethiazole, furafylline, ketoconazole, and omeprazole were purchased from Sigma Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Metabolites of the probe substrates including 6-hydroxylated chlorzoxazone (2E1), O-deethylated phenacetin (CYP1A2), 4′-hydroxylated diclofenac (2C9), 4′-hydroxylated (S)-mephenytoin (2C19), O-demethylated dextromethorphan (2D6), and 6β-hydroxylated testosterone (3A4) were provided from the Research Institute for Liver Disease Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Pooled liver microsomes from humans (HLMs), monkeys (MLMs), rabbits (RAMs), rats (RLMs), mouse (MOMs), dogs (DLMs), and minipigs (PLMs) were provided by the Research Institute for Liver Disease Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). Recombinant human supersomes (UGT1A1, UGT1A3, UGT1A6, UGT1A7, UGT1A8, UGT1A9, UGT1A10, UGT2B4, UGT2B7, UGT2B15, CYP1A2, CYP2C9, CYP2D6, CYP2E1, CYP3A4, and CYP2C19) were obtained from BD Gentest Corp. (Woburn, MA, USA).

Qin Y., Zhu Y., Xue X., Zhou G., Li H, & Wang J. (2020). An In Vitro Study for Evaluating Permeability and Metabolism of Kurarinone. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2020, 5267684.

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Lysionotin and Testosterone Characterization

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Lysionotin (≥98%) and testosterone (≥98%) were obtained from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). The chemical structure of lysionotin is shown in Figure 1. d-Glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, corticosterone (≥98%), NADP⁺, phenacetin (≥98%), acetaminophen (≥98%), 4-hydroxymephenytoin (≥98%), 7-hydroxy Coumarin (≥98%), 4′-hydroxy diclofenac (≥98%), sulfaphenazole (≥98%), quinidine (≥98%), tranylcypromine (≥98%), chlorzoxazone (≥98%), 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone (≥98%), paclitaxel (≥98%), 6β-hydroxytestosterone (≥98%), clomethiazole (≥98%), and furafylline (≥98%) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. Montelukast (≥98%) was obtained from Beijing Aleznova Pharmaceutical (Beijing, China). Coumarin (≥98%), diclofenac (≥98%), dextromethorphan (≥98%), and ketoconazole (≥98%) were purchased from ICN Biomedicals. Pooled HLMs were purchased from BD Biosciences Discovery Labware. All other reagents and solvents were of analytical reagent grade.

Li Y., Qin J., Wu H., Xu Y., Zhang L., Su K., Cui Y, & Wang H. (2020). In vitro inhibitory effect of lysionotin on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Pharmaceutical Biology, 58(1), 695-700.

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Xanthotoxol Cytochrome P450 Inhibition

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Xanthotoxol (purity > 98%) was purchased from Sichuan Weikeqi Biotechnology Co. Ltd. (Sichuan, China). Paclitaxel, 1-aminobenzotriazole (ABT), phenacetin, sulfaphenazole, chlorzoxazone, quinidine, clomethiazole, furafylline, 8-methoxypsoralen, coumarin, diclofenac, quercetin, dextromethorphan, ketoconazole, testosterone, S-mephenytoin, omeprazole, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, NADP⁺, and D-glucose-6-phosphate were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). All other reagents were the highest purity commercially available or HPLC grade.

Ma Z., Shi X., Zhang G., Guo F., Shan L, & Cai J. (2016). Metabolism and Metabolic Inhibition of Xanthotoxol in Human Liver Microsomes. Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine : eCAM, 2016, 5416509.

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Inhibition of Human Liver Enzymes

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Anemarsaponin BII (≥98%) and testosterone (≥98%) were purchased from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). d-Glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, corticosterone (≥98%), NADP⁺, phenacetin (≥98%), acetaminophen (≥98%), 4-hydroxymephenytoin (≥98%), 7-hydroxy Coumarin (≥98%), 4′-hydroxy diclofenac (≥98%), sulfaphenazole (≥98%), quinidine (≥98%), tranylcypromine (≥98%), chlorzoxazone (≥98%), 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone (≥98%), paclitaxel (≥98%), 6β-hydroxytestosterone (≥98%), clomethiazole (≥98%) and furafylline (≥98%) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. Montelukast (≥98%) was obtained from Beijing Aleznova Pharmaceutical (Beijing, China). Coumarin (≥98%), diclofenac (≥98%), dextromethorphan (≥98%), and ketoconazole (≥98%) were purchased from ICN Biomedicals. Pooled HLMs were purchased from BD Biosciences Discovery Labware. All other reagents and solvents were of analytical reagent grade.

Wang M., Jiang W., Zhou J., Xue X, & Yin C. (2020). Anemarsaponin BII inhibits the activity of CYP3A4, 2D6, and 2E1 with human liver microsomes. Pharmaceutical Biology, 58(1), 1064-1069.

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Human Liver Microsome Characterization

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BFT and BF were purchased from Shanghai Winherb Medical Technology Company (Shanghai, China). ABT, furafylline, sulfaphenazole, clomethiazole, omeprazole, 8-methoxypsoralen, ticlopidine, CYP3cide, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, D-glucose-6-phosphate, and NADP⁺ were obtained from Sigma (St. Louis, MO, United States). Montelukast, quinidine, ketoconazole was purchased from Jianglai Biotechnology Co., Ltd. (Shanghai, China). The pooled HLMs (from 50 donors, lot no. X008067) were obtained from BioreclamationIVT (Baltimore, MD, United States). A panel of baculovirus expressed human P450s (CYP1A1, 1A2, 2A6, 2A13, 2B6, 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6, 2E1, 3A4, 3A5, 4F2, and 4F3), co-expressing NADPH-CYP reductase and cytochrome b5 were obtained from BD Gentest Corp (Woburn, MA, United States). All chemicals and solvents were of analytical grade.

Dai Z.R., Ning J., Sun G.B., Wang P., Zhang F., Ma H.Y., Zou L.W., Hou J., Wu J.J., Ge G.B., Sun X.B, & Yang L. (2019). Cytochrome P450 3A Enzymes Are Key Contributors for Hepatic Metabolism of Bufotalin, a Natural Constitute in Chinese Medicine Chansu. Frontiers in Pharmacology, 10, 52.

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Peucedanol Metabolism Assay Protocol

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Peucedanol (≥98%, Figure 1) and testosterone (≥98%) were purchased from the National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceutical and Biological Products (Beijing, China). d-Glucose-6-phosphate, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, corticosterone (≥98%), NADP⁺, phenacetin (≥98%), acetaminophen (≥98%), 4-hydroxymephenytoin (≥98%), 7-hydroxy Coumarin (≥98%), 4′-hydroxy diclofenac (≥98%), sulfaphenazole (≥98%), quinidine (≥98%), tranylcypromine (≥98%), chlorzoxazone (≥98%), 6-hydroxychlorzoxazone (≥98%), paclitaxel (≥98%), 6β-hydroxytestosterone (≥98%), clomethiazole (≥98%), and furafylline (≥98%) were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. Montelukast (≥98%) was obtained from Beijing Aleznova Pharmaceutical (Beijing, China). Coumarin (≥98%), diclofenac (≥98%), dextromethorphan (≥98%), and ketoconazole (≥98%) were purchased from ICN Biomedicals. Pooled HLMs were purchased from BD Biosciences Discovery Labware. All other reagents and solvents were of analytical reagent grade.

Zhang C., Li Y., Yin C., Zheng J, & Liu G. (2021). In vitro study on the effect of peucedanol on the activity of cytochrome P450 enzymes. Pharmaceutical Biology, 59(1), 935-940.

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Comparative Pharmacokinetics of PZQ Stereoisomers

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R‐PZQ, S‐PZQ, cis‐4‐hydroxy‐PZQ, and trans‐4‐hydroxy‐PZQ were a generous gift from Merck Serono. 5,5‐Diethyl‐1,3‐diphenyl‐2‐iminobarbituric acid was obtained from AstraZeneca. PZQ, sulfaphenazole, KTZ, quinidine, ticlopidine, furafylline, diazepam (DPZ), acetonitrile (ACN), β‐Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide 2′‐phosphate reduced tetrasodium salt (NADPH), formic acid, potassium phosphate monobasic, and potassium phosphate dibasic were obtained from Sigma Chemical Co. All other reagents were of the highest obtainable grade.

Kapungu N.N., Li X., Nhachi C., Masimirembwa C, & Thelingwani R.S. (2020). In vitro and in vivo human metabolism and pharmacokinetics of S‐ and R‐praziquantel. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives, 8(4), e00618.

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Warfarin Drug Interaction Evaluation

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Racemic warfarin, 7-hydroxywarfarin, ketoconazole, sulfaphenazole, and piperine were purchased from Sigma Aldrich, St. Louis MO, USA. Naproxen was supplied from Hikma pharmaceuticals, Amman, Jordan. All organic solvents (acetonitrile, ethylacetate and methanol) were purchased from Fisher Scientific, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Acetic acid was obtained from Scharlau, Spain. Phosphate buffer and potassium monobasic and dibasic were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis MO, USA) provided.

Zayed A., Babaresh W.M., Darweesh R.S., El-Elimat T, & Hawamdeh S.S. (2020). Piperine Alters the Pharmacokinetics and Anticoagulation of Warfarin in Rats. Journal of Experimental Pharmacology, 12, 169-179.

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