Vibratron 2

Manufactured by Physitemp

Sourced in United States

The Vibratron II is a laboratory instrument designed to provide precise vibration control. It generates controlled vibrations through an integrated electronic control system. The Vibratron II can be used to simulate various vibration conditions for testing and analysis purposes.

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Lab products found in correlation

Bc 418ma, by Tanita (1 mentions)

8 protocols using vibratron 2

Vibration Sensation Thresholds in MS

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Vibration sensation thresholds (vibration units) for the right and left great toes were quantified using the Vibratron II device (Physitemp, Huron, NJ, USA). For this test, each subject was required to determine which of two rods was vibrating using a two-alternative forced choice procedure.²² This is a valid and objective measure of sensation in MS.^{6 (link)} More and less sensitive sides were determined and the values for the more sensitive side (i.e. better vibration sensation) were used for analysis.

Fritz N.E., Marasigan R.E., Calabresi P.A., Newsome S.D, & Zackowski K.M. (2014). The impact of dynamic balance measures on walking performance in multiple sclerosis. Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, 29(1), 62-69.

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Neuropathic Symptoms Evaluation and Somatosensory Sensitivity

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Neuropathic symptoms (range 0–15, lower better) were evaluated with the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, which is a validated measure of neuropathy severity^{27 (link),28 (link)}. A Vibratron II (Physitemp Instruments, Clifton, NJ) was used to measure vibration threshold (somatosensory sensitivity) in microns^{29 (link)}. A standardized forced-choice protocol was used, and has been described before^{30 (link)}.

Ho J.Q., Verghese J, & Abramowitz M.K. (2022). Serum bicarbonate levels and gait abnormalities in older adults: a cross-sectional study. Scientific Reports, 12, 9171.

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Vibrotactile and Cutaneous Sensation Assessment

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Lower extremity vibrotactile sensation was measured using a Vibratron II (Physitemp Instruments, Clifton, NJ). Subjects were seated and asked to touch their big toe to two pedestal pedestals and say which one was vibrating. The vibration amplitude of the pedestals was decreased until the subject could no longer feel the vibration which defined the vibration sensation threshold [38 (link)].
Lower extremity cutaneous sensation was measured using a monofilament test. Subjects were seated with eyes closed and a monofilament was pressed against the anterior surface of the foot, just proximal to the first metotarsophalangeal joint. Subjects were asked to raise their hand when they felt the touch on their foot. Testing began with the highest stiffness monofilament and proceed through 5 total filaments of decreasing stiffness until the subject could no longer feel the touch of the filament which defined a cutaneous sensation threshold of that monofilament’s weight [39 (link)].

Craig J.J., Bruetsch A.P., Lynch S.G, & Huisinga J.M. (2020). Trunk and foot acceleration variability during walking relates to fall history and clinical disability in persons with multiple sclerosis. Clinical biomechanics (Bristol, Avon), 80, 105100.

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Vibration Perception Threshold Assessment

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All participants were informed of the study objectives and agreed to sign the informed consent, as indicated above. Afterward, they were asked to provide socio-demographic data such as age, years of diagnosis, and number of falls in the last six months. After the interview, a body composition analysis was done. This analysis was performed by the Tanita BC-418 MA bioimpedance machine, which provided anthropometric values.
Then, the VPT was assessed using the Vibratron II^® (Physitemp Instruments, Inc: Clifton, NJ, USA), according to the supplier’s instructions. Hereunder was the procedure followed and the characteristics of the device:

Domínguez-Muñoz F.J., Adsuar J.C., Villafaina S., García-Gordillo M.A., Hernández-Mocholí M.Á., Collado-Mateo D, & Gusi N. (2020). Test-Retest Reliability of Vibration Perception Threshold Test in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5), 1773.

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Vibration Perception Threshold Assessment

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The VPT was the main study measure. It was evaluated before starting the vibration and immediately after each training session. VPT was assessed using the Vibratron II (Physitemp Instruments, Clifton, NJ, USA). The device produces vibration amplitudes from 0.005–200 microns, expressed as vibration units (0.005 microns = 0.1 vibration unit; 200 microns = 20.0 vibration units), with a higher vibration unit value indicating worse performance or greater sensory dysfunction.
The vibration units are the Vibraton II measure units. These vibration units are related to the movement amplitude measured in microns, and they follow the following formula:
A = x²/2 (where x is the vibration units [vu] and A is the amplitude in microns [μ]).
The “two-alternative forced-choice procedure” was the measure protocol, and the final VPT calculation used in this study. This protocol is recommended by the manufacturer, and it has been previously used in several studies [23 (link),24 (link)].

Dominguez-Muñoz F.J., Hernandez-Mocholi M.A., Villafaina S., García-Gordillo M.A., Collado-Mateo D., Gusi N, & Adsuar J.C. (2020). Acute Effects of a Whole Body Vibration Session on the Vibration Perception Threshold in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(12), 4356.

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Quantifying Sensorimotor Dysfunction in MS

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Vibration sensation threshold of the right great toe was quantified using Vibratron II (Physitemp, Huron, NJ). For strength, we averaged two maximal hip flexion efforts at the right hip using a Microfet2 handheld dynamometer. Both devices have been described in detail and validated for use in MS to reliably detect and quantify sensorimotor dysfunction.^{15 (link)}

Oh J., Seigo M., Saidha S., Sotirchos E., Zackowski K., Chen M., Prince J., Diener-West M., Calabresi P.A, & Reich D.S. (2014). Spinal Cord Normalization in Multiple Sclerosis. Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging, 24(6), 577-584.

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Vibration Threshold Assessment in Neuropathy

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Vibration thresholds were measured using a 2-alternative forced-choice procedure using the Vibratron II (Physitemp Instruments, Inc, Clifton, NJ). The average of both sides of great toe vibration thresholds are used in the analysis. For participants who could not sense the maximum amplitude of vibration (19.9VU) that value was assigned. Reference value range for 36- to 50-year olds from normal to severe sensory loss is 2.56 to 4.64 VU. Significant progression in vibratory thresholds has been measured in 18 months in diabetic neuropathy.^{8 (link)}

Keller J.L., Eloyan A., Raymond G.V., Fatemi A, & Zackowski K.M. (2021). Sensorimotor outcomes in adrenomyeloneuropathy show significant disease progression. Journal of inherited metabolic disease, 45(2), 308-317.

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Measuring Peripheral and Cardiac Neuropathy

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Peripheral neuropathy was measured with a Vibratron II device (Physitemp Instruments, Clifton, NJ) . This determines the vibratory thresholds for the hallux (great toe) on both feet using a forced choice methodology (Arezzo, 1993 ). We used a value of 2.40 vibration units or greater to indicate peripheral neuropathy.
Cardiac autonomic neuropathy was measured using the expiration/inspiration heart rate ratio determined in two repeated 2-minute cycles of deep breathing. The overall average ratio of heart rate during exhalation to heart rate during inhalation was calculated for both 2-minute segments. Values under 1.1 indicated cardiac autonomic neuropathy.
The two measures of neuropathy were marginally related at Time 2, X²(1) = 3.22, p = .07, and significantly related at Time 3, X²(1) = 16.19, p < .001. At Time 2, 2 individuals had neuropathy on both measures, and 15 had neuropathy on one measure. At Time 3, 7 individuals had neuropathy on both measures, and 11 had neuropathy on one measure. Because the base rate of neuropathy on either measure was fairly low, we combined the two measures and scored individuals as having neuropathy if they met the criterion for either measure (scored as 1) or neither measure (scored as 0) at Time 2 and at Time 3.

Helgeson V.S., Orchard T.J., Seltman H., Becker D, & Libman I. (2019). Psychosocial Predictors of Diabetes Risk Factors and Complications: An 11-Year Follow-up. Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association, 38(7), 567-576.

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