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Alexa fluor 488 conjugated goat anti rabbit igg secondary antibody

Manufactured by Thermo Fisher Scientific
Sourced in United States, United Kingdom

Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody is a fluorescently labeled antibody that binds to rabbit immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules. It is designed for use in immunoassays and other applications requiring the detection of rabbit primary antibodies.

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42 protocols using alexa fluor 488 conjugated goat anti rabbit igg secondary antibody

1

Adipogenic Differentiation Quantification

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Adipogenic staining was performed as described previously (Eom et al., 2018 (link)). In brief cells were plated in a 96-well plate in 200 μl ASC media (DMEM/F12 media (Life Technologies) supplemented with 10% FBS, 1% GlutaMax (Life Technologies, Auckland) and 1% penicillin/streptomycin (Life Technologies) and cultured at 37°C, 5% CO2. On day four, 100 μl of media was replaced with adipogenic differentiation media (ASC media with 1 µM dexamethasome, 10 µM insulin, 0.5 mM 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), and 200 µM indomethacin (all from Sigma Aldrich, Auckland) and standard ASC media was added to control wells. Half media changes were performed every 3 days until day 14. Cells were then subjected to immunocytochemistry using a 1:200 dilution of rabbit antihuman FABP4 polyclonal antibody (Cat #10004944, Cayman Chemicals) and then incubated with a 1:200 dilution Alexa Fluor® 488 conjugated goat antirabbit IgG secondary antibody (Cat # A11008, Molecular Probes®) and 1:2,000 diluted DAPI (Cat# D3571, Molecular Probes®). Fluorescent images were taken using the ImageXpress Micro XLS high content screening system (Molecular Devices™). Nine images were taken per well at 10 × magnification and quantitative data was generated using the MetaXpress v 5.3.0.1 (Molecular Devices™) software.
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2

Lipid Raft and Ret Patching Protocol

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Lipid raft patching was induced as described by Fra et al. and Peter et al. with slight modifications [29 (link),30 (link)]. Briefly, for all fluorescence microscopy experiments, the cells were attached to 35 mm poly-l-lysine-coated dishes at a density of 2 × 105. Cholera toxin subunit B (CT-B) labeled with Alexa Fluor 594 (Molecular Probes Inc., Eugene, OR, USA) was used at 10 mg/mL in PBS to label ganglioside GM1, which selectively partitions into lipid rafts. An anti-CT-B antibody (1:200 in PBS; Molecular Probes Inc.) was used to crosslink the CT-B-labeled lipid rafts into distinct patches on the plasma membrane. The cells were then incubated for 10 min and 15 min at 4 °C. The presence of lipid raft aggregation or patching was confirmed after CT-B and anti-CT-B labeling. For fixation, the cells were directly treated with 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 15 min.
Ret patching was induced in the same manner. The cells were incubated with a primary anti-Ret antibody (1:1000, Abcam) overnight at 4 °C, and this was followed by incubation with an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Molecular Probes Inc.) for 2 h at room temperature. Confocal microscopy (FV10-ASW, Olympus, Tokyo, Japan) was performed with a 60× oil immersion objective, using laser excitation at 350, 488, and 594 nm.
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3

Immunofluorescent Localization of TRPM8 in BEAS-2B Cells

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BEAS2B cells were cultured on 22-mm round coverslips (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA, USA) until 75% confluence and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 10 minutes. Cells were washed 3 times with PBS, and nonspecific binding was blocked using a solution of 5% bovine serum albumin in PBS. The cells were rinsed 3 times with PBS and incubated at room temperature (RT) for 2 hours with a rabbit polyclonal immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody fraction specific for human TRPM8 (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), diluted 1:250 in the blocking solution. The cells were washed and treated for 1 hour at RT with an Alexa-Fluor 488 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA) at a dilution of 1:500 in the blocking solution. The nuclei were counterstained blue using 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) at 300 nM dilution in PBS. Controls consisted of untreated cells or cells treated with either primary or secondary antibodies alone. Images were collected using a Zeiss LSM700 laser scanning confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) equipped with filters to visualize green fluorescent protein and DAPI. Immunoreactivity of TRPM8 was detected as green fluorescence.
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4

Immunofluorescent Detection of NFATc1

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Cells cultured on glass coverslips were washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), fixed using 4% paraformaldehyde in PBS for 10 min, and then permeabilized with 0.05% Triton-X 100 in PBS for 5 min. Fixed cells were incubated with rabbit anti-NFATc1 antibody (Gene Tex, Inc., Irvine, CA; dilution, 1:200 in PBS) at 4°C overnight after blocking of the nonspecific binding sites with 5% normal goat serum in PBS for 30 min at room temperature. After washing with PBS, the antibody was visualized by incubation with Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (1 μg/mL; Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR) for 30 min at room temperature. Nuclear staining was performed using 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) dye (Dojindo, Kumamoto, Japan).
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5

TRPM8 Immunofluorescence in BEAS-2B Cells

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BEAS-2B cells were cultured on a 22-mm round cover slip (BD Biosciences, Bedford, MA, USA) until 75% confluence and fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) for 10 min. The cells were then washed three times with PBS, and nonspecific binding was blocked using a solution of 5% bovine serum albumin in PBS. The cells were rinsed three times with PBS and incubated at room temperature for 2 h with a rabbit polyclonal IgG antibody fraction specific to human TRPM8 (Abcam), which was diluted 1:250 in the blocking solution. The cells were washed and treated for 1 h at room temperature with an Alexa-Fluor 488 conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR, USA) at a dilution of 1:500 in the blocking solution. The nuclei were counterstained blue using 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) at 300 nM dilution in PBS. Controls consisted of untreated cells or cells treated with either primary or secondary antibodies alone. Images were collected using a ZEISS LSM700 laser scanning confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) equipped with filters to visualize green fluorescent protein and DAPI. The immunoreactivity of TRPM8 was detected as green fluorescence.
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6

Immunofluorescence Staining of Retinal Caspase-3

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Immunofluorescence staining was performed as described previously (Wu et al., 2010 (link)). Briefly, 10-μm retinal cryosections were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 20 min at room temperature and then incubated with 0.1% Triton X-100 and 3% bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 40 min at room temperature. Sections were then incubated with a rabbit anti-caspase-3 antibody (1:300 dilution, Abcam) overnight before being incubated with an Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (1:500, Invitrogen-Molecular Probes, Carlsbad, CA, United States) for 1 h at room temperature. Sections were then counterstained with Hoechst 33258 (1:1000, Invitrogen-Molecular Probes) and visualized and photographed using a confocal microscope (Leica SP8).
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7

Cellular Localization of BT1636 in Bacteroides

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To empirically test cellular location of BT1636 empirically using fluorescence microscopy, Bt cells (Wild type (Δtdk) and Δbt16363S-Gal) were grown to early exponential phase (Abs600nm 0.25–0.35) in rich TYG medium. One ml of the cultures was collected, centrifuged at 13,000 × g, and subsequently washed three times in MM with no carbon source. Bt cells incubated with cMO for four hours and fixed in 4.5% formalin overnight at 4°C with gentle rocking. Cells were stained with a polyclonal antibody raised in rabbit against purified recombinant BT1636 (BT1636Ab, Cocalico Biologicals) and detected with an Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Molecular Probes). Images were taken with Zeiss Apotome using the same exposure time between samples.
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8

Visualizing Neutrophil Extracellular Traps

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NETs were stained for immunofluorescence microscopy as described (32 (link)) using methodology modified from (33 (link)). In brief, 5 ×105 neutrophils were added to fibrinogen-coated coverslips, stimulated for 4 h with 40 nM PMA, 0.5 mM MnCl2 or varying concentrations of leukadherin-1 (LA-1; Sigma, UK), and fixed with 4% PFA. Coverslips were blocked and sequentially incubated with an anti-histone H3 antibody (Abcam, UK) and Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Life Technologies, UK). Coverslips were washed, mounted, and sealed using with ProLong™ Gold antifade mountant with DAPI (Invitrogen, UK). Slides were visualized using a Zeiss Axio Imager.A1 inverted fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Germany) and images analyzed using Image J.
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9

Neutrophil Histone H3 Visualization

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Glass coverslips (Fischer, UK) were sterilized with and coated with 200 μg/ml fibrinogen (Sigma, UK) at 4 °C. 5 × 105 neutrophils were then added to coverslips and stimulated for 4 hours, after which they were fixed for 15 minutes with 4% PFA at room temperature. Coverslips were blocked in a blocking solution (10% goat serum/1% BSA/2 mM EDTA/HBSS/0.1% Tween-2) overnight at 4 °C, then incubated with 1 µg/ml anti-histone H3 antibody (ab1791, Abcam, UK) and then 2 µg/ml Alexa Fluor 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Life Technologies, UK), which were diluted in blocking solution, for one hour each at room temperature. After incubations, coverslips were washed with HBSS twice, mounted and sealed on microscope slides with ProLong Gold antifade mountant with DAPI (Invitrogen, UK). Slides were subsequently visualized using a Zeiss Axio Imager.A1 inverted fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Germany) and images analysed using Image J.
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10

Immunofluorescence Microscopy of NETs

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NETs were stained for immunofluorescence microscopy as described 73 (link) . In brief, 5x10 5 neutrophils were added to coverslips, stimulated, and then fixed with 4% PFA. Coverslips were blocked and sequentially incubated with an anti-histone H3 antibody (Abcam, UK) and Alexa Fluor® 488-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody (Life Technologies, UK).
Coverslips were washed, mounted, and sealed using with ProLong™ Gold antifade mountant with DAPI (Invitrogen, UK). Slides were visualized using a Zeiss Axio Imager.A1 inverted fluorescence microscope (Zeiss, Germany) and images analysed using Image J.
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