Jem 2100f

The crystal structure of MoS₂/RGO was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Bruker D8 Advance, with Cu-K_α radiation). The morphology of MoS₂/RGO was observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM, JEM-2100F, Japan) and field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, S-4800, Hitachi, Japan). The surface properties of MoS₂/RGO were recorded using a Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrometer (Bruker-V Vertex 70, Karlsruhe, Germany). Raman Detection of samples was with a Raman Spectrometer (Raman spectrometer, Horiba Company, iHR550, Shanghai, China). The chemical composition of the main elements was studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS K-Alpha+, Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA). The I–V curves of the sensors were tested by an electrochemical workstation (CIMPS-2, ZAHER ENNIUM) at room temperature.

Morphology and elemental distribution of the samples were examined by SEM (Hitachi S-4800) and TEM (JEM-2100F). Crystal structure characterization was investigated using Bruker XRD with Cu Kα radiation between 10° and 90°. The graphitization degrees and the defect characteristics of the PCNFs were checked by Raman spectrometer with an excitation wavelength of 532 nm. The molecular chain structures were analyzed by FTIR (Nicolet iS10). The surface areas, pore volumes, and pore size distribution of the PCNFs were measured with Brunauer–Emmett–Teller analyzer (ASAP 2460, Micromeritics, Co. USA). The thermal decomposition process were determined by TGA (SDT Q600) in N₂ atmosphere at the heating rate of 5 °C min⁻¹ from room temperature to 800 °C and the CO₂ adsorption properties of the samples were examined at 25 °C in CO₂ atmosphere. The conductivity of the PCNF films was tested by a four-probe tester (ST-2258C) according to the standard of JJG508-87. The porosity was determined with a weighing method by infiltrating the film in tert- butanol solution. The UV-Vis absorption spectra was performed by U-3900 Hitachi spectrophotometer.

Transmission electron microscopy (Hitachi 7500 and JEM-2100F) was used to determine the structures of the nanomaterials. The Fe₃O₄@Chl/Fe CNPs solution on a grid coated with a hole-containing carbon support film was blotted dry with filter paper to leave a thin film of particle suspension in the wells. Immerse the grid in liquid ethane cooled by liquid N₂. Fluorescence spectrum (Biotek Synergy H1) and UV–Visible Spectrophotometer (JASCO V-730, Japan) were used to measure the fluorescence and absorption of the Fe₃O₄@Chl/Fe-related samples. The particle sizes and zeta potentials (Horiba SZ-100, Japan) measured the samples dispersed in an aqueous solution. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA, TA-Q50, USA) and AAS (SensAA GBC, Australia) were utilized for measuring the organic and metal composites of Fe₃O₄@Chl/Fe nanoparticles. FT-IR spectrometer (JASCO FT/IR-4700), X-ray diffractometer (XRD, Bruker D8 Discover, Karlsruhe, Germany), and Raman spectra were performed to analyze the surface and crystal structures of samples. Micro-Raman spectroscopy equipped with a 785 nm laser (DPSSL Driver II, 10 mW) and an MRS-iHR320 modular Raman system was integrated into an Olympus BX53 microscope. A superconducting quantum interference device vibrating sample magnetometer (SQUID, MPMS 3 Quantum Design, USA) was used for measuring the magnetism of Fe₃O₄@Chl/Fe nanoparticles.