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7 protocols using velos pro dual pressure linear ion trap mass spectrometer

1

Quantifying Caffeine in Coffee Nectar

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Using 5–54 flowers from the same coffee plants, we collected 43 nectar samples of between 20–35 µl to measure nectar caffeine content (C. arabica: 8 shade, 10 sun; C. canephora: 13 shade, 12 sun). We immediately placed the nectar samples into a cooler with ice. They were then stored in a freezer at 0 °C until they were lyophilized. Each sample was then diluted with 100 µl of methanol. Samples (5 µl) were analyzed directly by liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy using a Dionex UltiMate 3000 LC system with separation of compounds on a Phenomenex Luna C18(2) column (150 Å~3 mm i.d., 3 μm particle size) at 400 μL min−1 and eluted using a linear gradient of 90:0:10 (t = 0 min) to 0:90:10 (t = 20–25 min), returning to 90:0:10 (t = 27–30 min). Solvents were water, methanol and 1% formic acid in acetonitrile, respectively. The column was maintained at 30 °C. Compounds were detected by MS on a Thermo Fisher Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer. Samples were scanned, using FTMS, from m/z 194–196 corresponding to the molecular ion for caffeine (M + H = m/z 195.1) in positive mode. Peak areas were quantified against a calibration curve of an authentic caffeine standard (Sigma, Dorset, UK).
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2

Quantitative Lipid Profiling via HPLC-MS

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This step was performed as described previously (40 (link)), modified and extended to also allow quantification and fragmentation of glycerophosphocholines and glycerophosphoethanolamines. Internal standards were added to cell homogenates, and lipids were extracted via the Folch procedure (41 (link)). Dried lipid extracts were dissolved in HPLC starting condition, separated by reversed-phase HPLC on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 HPLC (Thermo Fisher Scientific), and quantified with a Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific). Baseline corrected data were integrated in MZmine 2 (42 (link)), quantified, and visualized as described previously (40 (link)) using custom-made scripts in R (https://www.R-project.org/). Molecular PE, PC, plasmanyl-PE and plasmenyl-PE species were identified by their retention time, monoisotopic mass-to-charge ratio, isotope pattern, and fragmentation behavior (SI Appendix, Fig. S5 and Materials and Methods), which was cross-validated with single lipid standards commercially available from Avanti Polar Lipids: C16-18:1 PC, C18(Plasm)-22:6 PC, C16-18:1 PE, C18(Plasm)-18:1 PC, C18(Plasm)-18:1 PE, and C18(Plasm)-20:4 PC.
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3

LC-MS/MS Tryptic Peptide Analysis

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The LC-MS/MS tryptic digested peptides were dissolved in 0.1%
formic acid (v/v) and loaded at 15 μL/min for 10 min using a
nano-ACQUITY C18 Trap column (20 × 0.18 mm i.d., 5 μm
100¥ C18, Waters, 186007238). Peptides were separated using an
EASY-Spray LC Column (150 × 0.075 mm i.d., 3 μm
100Å C18, ThermoFisher, ES800) with a gradient using solvent A
(0.1% formic acid in water) and solvent B (0.1% formic acid in
acetonitrile) at a 0.5 μL/min flow rate. The gradient started
with 1% B for 5 min, followed by 85 min with a linear increase to 35% B.
The gradient was increased to 85% B in 5 min followed by decreasing back
to 1% B in 5 min as the final wash step. A nanoACQUITY UPLC (Waters) was
coupled to a Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap mass spectrometer
(Thermo Scientific) for data acquisition. A data-dependent acquisition
routine was used for a mass spectrum from m/z 300 to 2000 and followed
by ten tandem mass spectrometry scans.
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4

NMR and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

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1H NMR and 13C NMR spectra were obtained in D2O on an Avance 400 spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany) at 400.13 and 100.61 MHz, respectively. Chemical shifts for 1H NMR and 13C NMR signals are given in ppm at 300 K, with 2-methyl-2-propanol as an internal standard (1.23 and 31.3 ppm, respectively). The following abbreviations are used for the characterization of NMR signals: s = singlet, d = doublet, t = triplet, and m = multiplet. ESI-Orbitrap-MS spectra were recorded on a Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc., Waltham, USA).
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5

Fenugreek Compound Profiling by LC-PDA-MS

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The fenugreek sprout and seed extracts were analysed at 50 mg/mL in duplicate using a Thermo Fisher Velos Pro LC-PDA_MS. Samples (5 μL) were injected directly onto a Phenomenex Luna C-18 (2) column (150 mm, 3 mm i.d., 3 μm particle size) at 400 μL/min and eluted using a linear gradient of 90:0:10 (t = 0 min) to 0:90:10 (t = 20–25 min), returning to 90:0:10 (t = 27–30 min). The solvents were water, MeOH, and 1% formic acid in acetonitrile, respectively. The column was maintained at 30 °C. Compounds were detected with a Thermo Fisher Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer. Samples were scanned using the ITMS from m/z 200 to 600, and the UV peak areas were quantified against the calibration curves of the reference standards (apigenin, vicenin-2, vitexin, luteolin, orientin, formononetin, and daidzein; Sigma), which were analysed in duplicate over a concentration range of 0.32–2000 µg/mL using the same LC–PDA-MS method.
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6

NMR and Mass Spectrometry Analysis

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One-dimensional (1H and 13C) and two-dimensional [double-quantum-filtered correlation spectroscopy (DQF-COSY), heteronuclear single quantum coherence (HSQC), and heteronuclear multiple-bond correlation (HMBC)] nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were recorded using a Bruker Avance 500 or Avance 800 spectrometer (Bruker Biospin GmbH, Rheinstetten, Germany) in D2O with 2-methyl-2-propanol as the internal standard (1.23 ppm for 1H, 31.3 ppm for 13C) or in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-d6 referring solvent signals as the internal standard (2.49 ppm for 1H, 39.5 ppm for 13C) at 298 K. Signals were assigned using cross signals in the 2D spectra. Ring structures were confirmed with the cross signal on HMBC spectra. Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was performed using a Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer (Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc., Waltham, USA).
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7

Recombinant Protein Desalting and Mass Spectrometry

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The recombinant protein was diluted to a final concentration of 3 or 0.8 µM in buffer I (20 mM Hepes pH 8.0, 50 mM NaCl) and treated with DMSO/compound to result in a final concentration of 10 or 1 µM, respectively. Followed by incubation of 1 h at room temperature, the samples were either run through a MassPrep Online Desalting 2.1 mm × 10 mm cartridge (Waters, flow rate 0.5 mL/min, runtime 7 min, column temperature 30 °C) or an AdvanceBio DesaltingRP 2.1 mm × 12.5 mm cartridge (Agilent, flow rate 0.4 mL/min, runtime 6 min, column temperature 32 °C) with solvents A = HPLC-grade H2O + 0.1% TFA or formic acid and solvent B = HPLC-grade acetonitrile + 0.1% TFA or formic acid as mobile phases, respectively. A gradient from 20–90% solvent B (MassPrep Online Desalting cartridge) or 5–95% solvent B (AdvancedBio DesaltingRP) was programmed. The samples were either analyzed on a Velos Pro Dual-Pressure Linear Ion Trap mass spectrometer (ThermoFisher, with Xcalibur software), equipped with an electrospray ion source in positive mode (capillary voltage 5 kV, desolvation gas flow 40 L/min, temperature 275 °C) or on an Agilent 1260 II Infinity system (Agilent, with Openlab software), equipped with an electrospray ion source in positive mode (capillary voltage 4 kV, desolvation gas flow 80 L/min, temperature 350 °C). Spectra were deconvoluted with ProMass (Enovatia).
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