Aldicarb sulfone

The following common cholinesterase inhibitors were selected as standard pesticide chemicals and used for the definition of performance criteria. The standard chemicals used for definition of performance criteria were: Aldicarb (Sigma^® San Luis, MO, USA), Aldicarb–sulfoxide (Sigma^® ), Aldicarb–sulfone (Sigma^®), carbofuran and 3-OH-carbofuran (Sigma^®), forate (Sigma^® San Luis, MO, USA), and forate–sulfoxide (Sigma^®) compounds.
Standard matrix extracts were obtained from four different species (cats, dogs, rats, and chickens) that were free of pesticides and used for the establishment of protocol. The matrices were: whole blood, stomach contents, liver, kidneys, lungs, brains, and vitreous humor.
The xenobiotic-free matrices and suspected intoxication samples were obtained from the Department of Pathology (VPT), Pathology Service of the School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science of the University of São Paulo FMVZ/USP. This study was approved by the EMU ethics committee (CEUA Protocol No. 3006/2013) and (CEUA Protocol No. 2301/2011 and No. 3071/2013).

A cocktail mix containing 8 OP residues (dichlorvos), MOCAP (ethoprophos), disulfoton, methyl parathion, Ronnel, Dursban (Chlorpyrifos), guthion (azinphos methyl), and Tokuthion and a standard mix of 10 CB residues (aldicarb sulfoxide), aldicarb sulfone, oxamyl, methomyl, 3-hydroxycarbofuran, aldicarb, propoxur, carbofuran, Sevin (carbaryl), and methiocarb were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. Other chemicals including n-hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, sodium chloride, and anhydrous sodium sulphate were brought from Sigma Aldrich, Germany.