Dithiothreitol (5 mM, catalog no. D9163, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) was added to the protein solution, and reduction was allowed to proceed at 56°C for 30 min. The protein solution was then incubated with 11 mM iodoacetamide (catalog no. V900335, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) at room temperature in darkness for 15 min. The urea concentration of the solution was then diluted to <2 M using 100 mM tetraethylammonium bromide (catalog no. 17902, Sigma-Aldrich, USA). Finally, trypsin (catalog no. V5111, Promega, USA) was added at a trypsin-to-protein mass ratio of 1:50 for the first round of digestion for overnight and 1:100 for the second round of digestion for 4 h. Peptides were desalted on a Strata X C18 SPE column (Phenomenex, USA) and vacuum dried after trypsin digestion. They were then labeled using a TMT 10-plex isobaric label kit (catalog no. 90111, Thermo, USA), according to manufacturer instructions.
Tetraethylammonium bromide
Manufactured by Merck Group
Sourced in United States
Tetraethylammonium bromide is a chemical compound with the formula (CH3CH2)4N+Br−. It is a white crystalline solid that is soluble in water and organic solvents. Tetraethylammonium bromide is commonly used as a supporting electrolyte in electrochemical experiments and as a phase-transfer catalyst in organic synthesis.
Automatically generated - may contain errors
Lab products found in correlation
Iodoacetamide, by Merck Group (5 mentions)
Dithiothreitol (dtt), by Merck Group (3 mentions)
Strata x c18 spe column, by Phenomenex (2 mentions)
Trypsin, by Promega (2 mentions)
Methanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Acetonitrile, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Urea, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
N n dimethylformamide (dmf), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Potassium iodide, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Dl dithiothreitol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Ethanol, by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Sodium chloride (nacl), by Merck Group (2 mentions)
Trypsin, by Phenomenex (1 mentions)
Tmt 10 plex isobaric label kit, by Thermo Fisher Scientific (1 mentions)
Dry acetonitrile, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonium perrhenate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Tetraethylthiuram disulfide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Ammonium sulfide, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
Chromium 3 chloride hexahydrate, by Merck Group (1 mentions)
15 protocols using tetraethylammonium bromide
1
Protein Reduction, Alkylation, and Trypsin Digestion
2
Synthesis of Transition Metal Complexes
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Molybdenum hexacarbonyl Mo(CO)6 (98.0%), tetraethylthiuram disulfide (≥97%), ammonium tetrathiotungstate (≥99.99%), sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate (≥98%), sulfur (≥99.98%), ammonium sulfide (20 wt% in water), tetraethylammonium bromide (≥99%), ammonium perrhenate (≥99.0%), bis(diethylthiocarbamoyl)disulfide (≥97%), manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate (≥99%), chromium(III) chloride hexahydrate (≥96%), and silica gel (40–63 µm particle size) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich and used without further purification. Acetone (≥99.0%) dichloromethane (≥99.0%), methanol (≥99.5%), diethyl ether (≥99.0%), acetonitrile (≥99.9%), hexane (≥97.0%), dry acetonitrile (≥99.80%), pentane (≥99.0%), isopropanol (≥99.5%), and hydrochloric acid (37%) were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich and used as received.
3
Trace Metal Quantification Protocol
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All used chemicals were of analytical grade: HDTMA (Mw: 364.4 g mol−1, Merck), NaCl (0.99, Merck), AgNO3 (0.99, Merck), tetraethylammonium bromide (TMA, 0.98, Sigma-Aldrich), ICP Cr standard (Fluka), K2CrO4 (Sigma-Aldrich), ethanol (0.96, Merck), and HNO3 (0.69, Merck). Working solutions were prepared by diluting the stock solutions with deionized water (0.065 µS cm−1, SolPure 7, POL-Lab, Wilkowice, Poland).
4
Synthesis of Rosin Acid-based Polyester
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Example 1
This example describes the general synthesis of rosin acid-based polyester (Sample 1).
A 2-L buchi reactor was charged with 356.8 Foral AX (Rosin Acid, available from Pinova), 166 g of neopentyl glycol diglycidyl ether (available from Sigma-Aldrich), and 0.57 g of tetraethyl ammonium bromide (available from Sigma-Aldrich). The mixture was heated to 175° C. over a three hour period with stirring under nitrogen, and then maintained at 175° C. for five more hours and until the acid value of the resulting rosin-diol (Scheme I supra) was 1.8 mg of KOH/g of resin. To the mixture was then added 306 g propylene glycol (available from Archer-Daniels Midland), 844.5 grams of sebacic acid (available from Sigma-Aldrich) and 2 g of TC400 catalyst (available from Elf-Atochem). The mixture was slowly heated to 195° C. over a six hour period, followed by vacuum distillation until the resin viscosity of 15 and acid value of 13.5 mg of KOH/g of resin was obtained. The resin was then discharged and allowed to cool to room temperature.
5
Proteomic Analysis of Bovine Serum
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Albumin from bovine serum was procured from Wuhan Chucheng Zhengmao Science and Technology Engineering Co., Ltd. DL-Dithiothreitol were procured from Solarbio, while EDTA, Xylene brilliant cyaninG-250, Sodium dodecyl sulfate, ThioUrea, and Acetone were procured from Sinopharm. Iodoacetamide was procured from Aladdin, and Phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride was procured from Xiya Reagent. Tetraethylammonium bromide and Urea were procured from Sigma. Trypsin was procured from Promega, and the protein marker was procured from Fementas. Lastly, the bicinchoninic acid (BCA) protein quantification kit was procured from Biyuntian. ELISA kits for myosin heavy chain 9 (MYH9) and fetuin B (FETUB) were procured from Wuhan Fearn and Eliot Biotechnology Co.
6
Hyaluronic Acid-based Hydrogel Synthesis
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The following materials were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (United States) and used without further purification: sodium hyaluronate (Mn = 100 kDa), glycidyl methacrylate (GMA), tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB), poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEG-DA, Mn = 575), acetone, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), potassium permanganate (KMnO4), sodium tetraborate decahydrate (Na2B4O7×10H2O), concentrated hydrochloric acid (36%), glacial acetic acid, 4-(dimethylamino)benzaldehyde (DMAB), N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (NAG), and hyaluronidase from bovine testes. Flavin mononucleotide (FMN) was obtained from Pharmstandard (Russia). Triethanolamine (TEOHA) was purchased from Merck (United States). 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 97% purity, was obtained from Hangzhou Dingyan Chem Co., Ltd (China). Phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, was prepared by dissolving biotechnology grade PBS tablet (VWR Life Science, Canada) in 100 ml of deionized water. Penicillin–streptomycin (5,000 U/ml and 5,000 µg/ml, respectively) was purchased from PanEco (Russia). Amphotericine B (5,000 µg/ml) was purchased from JSC “Sintez” (Russia).
7
Epoxidation of Perilla Frutescens Triglycerides
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Triglycerides, sourced from Perilla frutescens, were purchased from Dr. Adorable Inc., Chicago, IL, USA. All other chemicals required for the epoxidation reaction and subsequent characterization, such as formic acid (HCOOH), Amberlite IR 120 (particle size: 620–830 µm), 30% (w/w) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), Wijs solution (ICl), starch, potassium iodide (KI), tetraethyl ammonium bromide (TEAB or C8H20NBr), crystal violet indicator, 0.1 N perchloric acid reagent (HClO4), and 0.1 N sodium thiosulfate (Na2S2O3), were obtained from Sigma Aldrich, WI, USA. Glacial acetic acid (CH3COOH) was purchased from VWR Chemicals, GA, USA. All chemicals were used in as-received state.
8
BVDV Infection Quantification in PBMCs
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PBMCs infected with BVDV and mock-infected PBMCs were prepared in accordance with the previously described procedure. Cells were collected from each group using a cell scraper, and there were four biological replicates for each group. Subsequently, the cells were sonicated in a lysis buffer consisting of 1% sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1% sodium deoxycholate, 1% NP40, 15 mM NaCl, 25 mM Tris-HCl, and a complete protease inhibitor cocktail (Roche, Nutley, NJ, USA) at 4 °C for 20 min. Following the sonication, the cell lysates were centrifuged at 12,000 rpm for 10 min at 4 °C, and the resulting supernatant was collected. The total protein concentration was determined using a Bicinchoninic Acid Protein Assay Kit (Abcam, Fremont, CA, USA).
Afterward, each sample underwent overnight digestion with modified sequence-grade trypsin (Promega, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA) at 37 °C, using 100 μg of protein. Subsequently, the dissolved digested contents were incorporated into 500 mM tetraethylammonium bromide (Sigma, Washington, DC, USA). Eventually, the peptides obtained were labeled with the iTRAQ 8-plex reagent kit (SCIEX, Redwood City, CA, USA) and left to react for 2 h before undergoing vacuum drying.
Afterward, each sample underwent overnight digestion with modified sequence-grade trypsin (Promega, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA) at 37 °C, using 100 μg of protein. Subsequently, the dissolved digested contents were incorporated into 500 mM tetraethylammonium bromide (Sigma, Washington, DC, USA). Eventually, the peptides obtained were labeled with the iTRAQ 8-plex reagent kit (SCIEX, Redwood City, CA, USA) and left to react for 2 h before undergoing vacuum drying.
9
Synthesis and Characterization of Organometallic Complexes
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All reagents were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich and used without further purification: hexachloroplatinic(iv ) acid (H2PtCl6·6H2O, 99.99%, metal basis), silver nitrate (AgNO3, 99%, metals basis), 2,4-dimethylbenzenethiol (PhMe2-SH, 99%), triphenylphosphine (PPh3, 99%), 1-adamantanethiol (AdmSH, C10H15-SH, 99%), sodium borohydride (NaBH4, 95%), sodium tetraphenylborate (NaBPh4, 98%), tetraphenylphosphonium bromide (PPh4Br, 98%), tetramethylphosphonium bromide (PMe4Br, 98%), tetraphenylphosphonium chloride (PPh4Cl, 98%), tetra-n-octylammonium bromide ([N(C8H17)4]Br, TOAB, 98%), tetra-n-heptylammonium bromide ([N(C7H15)4]Br, 98%), tetra-n-hexylammonium bromide ([N(C6H13)4]Br, 98%), tetra-n-amylammonium bromide ([N(C5H11)4]Br, 98%), tetra-n-butylammonium bromide ([N(C4H9)4]Br, 98%), tetra-n-propylammonium bromide ([N(C3H7)4]Br, 98%), tetraethylammonium bromide ([N(C2H5)4]Br, 98%), tetramethylammonium bromide ([N(CH3)4]Br, 98%), hydrobromic acid (HBr, 47.0–49.0%), methylene chloride (CH2Cl2, HPLC grade), methanol (CH3OH, HPLC), ethanol (CH3CH2OH, HPLC).
10
Synthesis and Characterization of Fullerene Nanomaterials
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Solid C60 and Gd@C82 (99% purity) were purchased from Xiamen Funano Co. Ltd. (Xiamen, China). Anhydrous ethanol, methanol, NaOH, H2O2, HNO3, NaH2PO4, and Na2HPO4 were purchased from Beijing Chemical Works (Beijing, China). NaCl, β-alanine, OA, glutaraldehyde, osmium tetroxide, dithiothreitol, iodoacetamide, pentobarbital sodium, urea, acetonitrile, formic acid, dithiothreitol, iodoacetamide, tetraethylammonium bromide (TEAB), Cyanine5.5 (Cy5.5), and 5, 5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Nile Red, Hoechst 33342, hematoxylin, eosin, oil red O, and optimal cutting temperature (OCT) compound were purchased from Solarbio (Beijing, China). All reagents and solvents were obtained commercially and used without further purification.
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