For SEM & EDS test, the specimens were submerged in 2.5% glutaraldehyde for 15 min, and washed with distilled water. The samples were then dehydrated with different concentrations of alcohol. The type of instrument used for the test is Philips XL30 ESEM-TMP, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Xl30 esem tmp
Manufactured by Philips
The XL30 ESEM-TMP is a scanning electron microscope (SEM) designed for environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) applications. It provides high-resolution imaging capabilities and allows for the analysis of samples in a controlled gaseous environment.
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4 protocols using xl30 esem tmp
1
Specimen Preparation for SEM & EDS Analysis
2
Characterization of Covalent FN-Titanium Surface
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The covalent conjugation of FN with the micro-grooved titanium surface was determined by XPS with an ALKα X-ray source (1468.6 eV). The surface morphologies of different surfaces were characterized with an environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM, XL30 ESEM-TMP, Philips-FEI, Holland). The roughness of different surfaces was measured by a 3D OLS4100 laser microscope. Water contact angles (θc) were measured by an auto-contact angle analyzer (Phoenix 300, Surface Electros Optics, Suwon, Korea).
3
Biomaterial Surface Characterization
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The surface morphology and elemental composition of the samples before and after immersion testing were examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM, Philips XL 30 ESEM TMP) coupled with energy X-ray dispersive spectroscopy system (EDS, EDAX Sapphire Spectrometer). The structural aspects of the experimental samples were determined by using a Panalytical X-Pert PRO Diffractometer (Malvern, UK), which works in Bragg-Brentano symmetric geometry. The contact angle measurements (CA) were made in order to determinate the wettability properties of the surface that is very important in the case of implantable biomaterials. A KRÜSS DSA30 Drop Shape Analysis System was used, and obtained images were processed by aligning the tangent at the profile of the sessile drop at the point of contact with the surface. Contact angle measurements were made in triplicate and an average value was calculated.
4
Analyzing Tablet Coating Morphology via SEM
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To interpret the drug release mechanism, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Philips, XL 30 ESEM TMP + EDAX, Netherland) studies of coating membranes of the tablets were carried out before and after the dissolution. Initially, the coating membrane of the optimized tablet formulation was taken out by thin cutting with the help of sharp bled. After the cleaning drying with the help of a cloth, the membrane was subjected to SEM. Similarly after 24 h of dissolution again the coating membrane was taken out. After washing 3-4 times the coating membrane was dried at 45 °C for 12 h in tray dryer and subjected to SEM. Finally the coating morphology was comparatively analyzed from SEM images [22] .
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