Trypsin

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS; Mw: ≈100,000, DS ≥ 80%, Bomei Biotechnology, Hefei, China); Cysteine (Cys; Mw: 121.158, Qiangshun Chemical Reagent, Shanghai, China); N-Hydroxy succinimide (NHS; Rhawn, Shanghai, China); Sodium chloride (NaCl; Xilong, Guangzhou, China); Sodium alginate (SA, Mw: 198n, Sinopharm Chemical Reagent, Shanghai, China); Sodium periodate (Rhawn, Shanghai, China); Ethylene glycol (Xilong Scientific, Shantou, China); but-3-yn-2-one (Alfa Aesar, Shanghai, China); Phosphate Buffer (PB, SenBeiJia Biological Technology, Nanjing, China); Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt (EDTA-2Na, Xilong Chemical, Shantou, China); 5,5′-Dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoic acid) (DTNB, aladdin, Shanghai, China); HCl (Xilong Chemical, Shantou, China); DMEM medium (Meilunbio, Dalian, China); phosphate buffered saline (PBS; SenBeiJia, Nanjing, China); Trypsin (TBD Science, Tianjin, China); Lysogeny broth medium (LB; Feiyu Bio, Nantong, China); ROS assay kit (Beyotime, Shanghai, China).

Colistin (C-4461), lipopolysaccharides (LPS) (L4391), and carboxylate-modified fluorescent microspheres (L4655, 1.0 µm in diameter) were purchased from Sigma, USA. p38 inhibitor (SB203580) was purchased from MedChemExpress (USA). Fetal bovine serum (FBS) was obtained from Gibco (USA), and bovine serum albumin (BSA) was supplied by Roche (Switzerland). RPMI-1640 medium and phosphate buffered saline (PBS) were provided by HyClone (USA). DMSO and thiazolyl blue (MTT) were purchased from AMRESCO (USA); trypsin and penicillin-streptomycin were obtained from TBD Science (China). Phospho-p38 MAP kinase (Thr180/Tyr182) antibody (#9211) was supplied by Cell Signaling (USA). Horse radish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated goat anti-rabbit IgG secondary antibody was provided by Solarbio (China), and antibody against β-actin was obtained from Thermo Fisher (USA). Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for various cytokines were purchased from R&D Systems (USA).