Lovastatin

Manufactured by MedChemExpress

Sourced in United States

Lovastatin is a white, crystalline powder that serves as a type of lab equipment. It is a naturally-occurring statin compound produced by the fungus Aspergillus terreus. Lovastatin functions as an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of cholesterol.

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Lab products found in correlation

8 protocols using lovastatin

Immune Profiling and Ferroptosis Assay

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Lovastatin (catalog HY-N0504) was purchased from MedChemExpress. Recombined active IFN-γ protein (catalog KGH2016) was purchased from KeyGEN (Nanjing, China). Mouse spleen lymphocyte separation kit (catalog P8860) and mouse tumor–infiltrating tissue lymphocyte separation kit (catalog P9000) were purchased from Solarbio. Liberase (catalog 5401020001), DNase I (catalog DN25), and type IV Collagenase (catalog C5138) were purchased from MilliporeSigma. The PD-1 in vivo mAb (catalog BE0273) was purchased from BioXCell. The inhibitor for ferroptosis, fer-1 (catalog T6500), was purchased from TargetMol. The BODIPY 581/591 C11 probe (catalog D3861) was purchased from Thermo Fisher Scientific. Antibodies used in the study and their source were exhibited in Supplemental Table 2.

Mao W., Cai Y., Chen D., Jiang G., Xu Y., Chen R., Wang F., Wang X., Zheng M., Zhao X, & Mei J. (2022). Statin shapes inflamed tumor microenvironment and enhances immune checkpoint blockade in non–small cell lung cancer. JCI Insight, 7(18), e161940.

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Antibodies and Inhibitors for TRABID Study

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The antibodies against TRABID were described previously^{37 (link)}. Other antibodies used in this study are listed in Supplementary Table 1. MG132 was purchased from Calbiochem. Rapamycin, Cycloheximide, Bafilomycin A1, and TRABID inhibitor NSC112200 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Lovastatin, aphidicolin, RO-3306, nocodazole, cGAS inhibitor G140 and STING inhibitor C176 were obtained from MedChemExpress. Adenoviruses AdCre and AdLuc were obtained from Baylor College of Medicine Vector Develop Laboratory.

Chen Y.H., Chen H.H., Wang W.J., Chen H.Y., Huang W.S., Kao C.H., Lee S.R., Yeat N.Y., Yan R.L., Chan S.J., Wu K.P, & Chen R.H. (2023). TRABID inhibition activates cGAS/STING-mediated anti-tumor immunity through mitosis and autophagy dysregulation. Nature Communications, 14, 3050.

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Recombinant Protein Expression in E. coli

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Escherichia coli DH5α was used as the plasmid construction host, E. coli BL21 (DE3) was used as the protein expression host and the biosensor construction platform. Luria-Bertani (LB) medium (1% NaCl, 0.5% yeast extract, and 1% tryptone) was used for E. coli cultivation. When needed, antibiotics were added at required concentration. Simvastatin (ps) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, commercial simvastatin containing drug (cm) was purchased from a local pharmacy, lovastatin, mevastatin, pravastatin, and fluvastatin were purchased from MedChem Express.

Li H., Wang Q., Zhao R., Wang Y., Xun L, & Liu H. (2020). Construction of Escherichia coli Whole-Cell Biosensors for Statin Efficacy and Production Test. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 8, 404.

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Molecular Regulators of Lipid Metabolism

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Deoxycholic acid and JTE-013 were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA). Triamterene, 4-DAMP, ketoconazole, lovastatin, KG-501 and fatostatin were purchased from MedChemexpress (Monmouth Junction, NJ, USA). Methoctramine was from AdooQ Bioscience (Nanjing, China). Z-Guggulsterone was from Santa cruz Biotechnology (Santa cruz, CA, USA). SREBP2 antibody was obtained from R&D Systems (Minneapolis, MN, USA).

Li D., Zhou J., Wang L., Gong Z., Le H., Huang Y., Xu C., Tian C., Cai W, & Wu J. (2023). Gut microbial metabolite deoxycholic acid facilitates Th17 differentiation through modulating cholesterol biosynthesis and participates in high-fat diet-associated colonic inflammation. Cell & Bioscience, 13, 186.

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Metabolic Tracing of Carbon Sources

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PF-05175157 was provided by ChemicalBook, and lovastatin was obtained from MedChem Express. [U-¹³C]-glucose, [1,6-¹³C]-glucose, [3-²H]-glucose, [1-²H]-glucose, [6,6-²H]-glucose, and [U-¹³C]-glutamine were purchased from Cambridge Isotope Laboratories. Antimycin A, amino acids, pyruvate, oxalo acetate, α-ketoglutarate, citrate, malate, acetate, dimethyl α-ketoglutarate, triethyl citrate, dimethyl malate, and all general chemicals were obtained from Sigma unless otherwise described.

Liu M., Wang Y., Yang C., Ruan Y., Bai C., Chu Q., Cui Y., Chen C., Ying G, & Li B. (2020). Inhibiting both proline biosynthesis and lipogenesis synergistically suppresses tumor growth. The Journal of Experimental Medicine, 217(3), e20191226.

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Ferroptosis Modulation in Cell Lines

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HCM, C2C12 and HUVEC were cultured in high-glucose DMEM (Gibco BRL, USA) supplemented with 5% fetal bovine serum (Gibco BRL, USA) without antibiotics in acceptable conditions (5% CO₂, 37°C). Ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1), deferoxamine mesylate (DFO), liproxstatin-1 (Lip-1), RSL3, Z-VAD-FMK and mitoTEMPO (MT) were purchased from Selleck (Selleck, China). Atorvastatin, lovastatin, pravastatin, and rosuvastatin were obtained from MCE (MedChemExpress, China). Fer-1, DFO, Lip-1, RSL3, Z-VAD-FMK and MT were dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) and diluted in a culture medium at ultimate concentrations (0.5 μM with RSL3; 1 μM with Fer-1; 80 μM with DFO; 1 μM with Lip-1; 10 mM with mitoTEMPO; and 2 μM with Z-VAD-FMK). Statins were stocked as 50 mM solutions in DMSO. Final concentrations ranged from 10 to 160 μM.

Zhang Q., Qu H., Chen Y., Luo X., Chen C., Xiao B., Ding X., Zhao P., Lu Y., Chen A.F, & Yu Y. (2022). Atorvastatin Induces Mitochondria-Dependent Ferroptosis via the Modulation of Nrf2-xCT/GPx4 Axis. Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 10, 806081.

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Cell Culture and Reagent Preparation

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RKO and SW480 cells were cultured in DMEM containing 10% fetal bovine serum and
penicillin/streptomycin at 37°C in a 5% CO₂ incubator. MVA (79849)
and GGPP (G6025) were from Sigma Aldrich (Shanghai, China). NSC23766, ML141,
CCG1423, and Y27632 2HCl were from Selleck Chemicals (Houston, TX, USA).
Lovastatin was from MedChemEx-press (Shanghai, China).

Xiao Y., Liu Q., Peng N., Li Y., Qiu D., Yang T., Kang R., Usmani A., Amadasu E., Borlongan C.V, & Yu G. (2022). Lovastatin Inhibits RhoA to Suppress Canonical Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling and Alternative Wnt-YAP/TAZ Signaling in Colon Cancer. Cell Transplantation, 31, 09636897221075749.

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Evaluating Apoptosis-Related Proteins by WB

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For Western blotting, we used primary antibodies for RAB38 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; #14365), RAB32 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA; #010m4795), OXPHOS (Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA; #ab110411), C-Myc (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; #5605), Mcl-1 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; #5453S), Bcl-2 (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; #4223), Bcl-xL (Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA; #2764S), and β-actin (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA; #076M4786V) and secondary antibodies for HRP-conjugated goat anti-mouse (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA; #31430) and goat anti-rabbit (Thermo Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA; #31460). For cell death assays, the positive control staurosporine was obtained from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA; STS #S5921). For drug treatments, simvastatin was purchased from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA; #S1792), lovastatin from MedChemExpress (South Brunswick, NJ, USA; #HY-N0504), and ABT263 from Selleckchem (Houston, TX, USA; #S1001).

Bianchetti E., Bates S.J., Nguyen T.T., Siegelin M.D, & Roth K.A. (2021). RAB38 Facilitates Energy Metabolism and Counteracts Cell Death in Glioblastoma Cells. Cells, 10(7), 1643.

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