3 diamine

Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS), 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane (MPTS), ethylene glycol (EG), silver nitrate (AgNO₃), octylamine (OA), ethyl alcohol (EtOH, 99.5% and 95%), 1-(p-toluenesulfonyl) imidazole, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl), acetone, propane-1, 3-diamine, β-cyclodextin, and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, MW 40,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO, USA) and used without further purification. Aqueous ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH, 27%) was purchased from Daejung (Siheung, Korea). Water was purified using a Direct-Q Millipore water purification system (SAM WOO S&T Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea). Tosyl β-CD was obtained from microbial Carbohydrate Resource Bank (Seoul, Korea).

Rhein was purchased from Rongsheng Biological Co. Ltd. (Xian, China). 4-(Benzyloxy) benzylchloride, N,N,N’-trimethylpropane-1, 3-diamine, taurocholic acid sodium salt hydrate (TAS), and 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) were commercially purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (St. Louis, MO). All other chemicals were of analytical or high-performance liquid chromatography grade. Thin-layer chromatography (silica gel GF254) was used to detect spots by UV radiation. Purification of the desired compounds was achieved by column chromatography on silica gel. Chemical shifts were expressed in parts per million (ppm, δ units). Coupling constants were in units of Hertz (Hz). MS spectroscopy was evaluated on Bruker microTOF-QII. ¹H-NMR (nuclear magnetic resonance) analyses were performed by AMX-400 Bruker Spectrometer (Bruker BioSpin, Karlsruhe, Germany).